Design of a solar cell electrode for a shingled photovoltaic module application
Source abstract
Abstract
Abstract New technologies to fabricate high-output power photovoltaic (PV) modules include a cell dividing and bonding technique. This technique divides and interconnects cells into a string arranged in series and in parallel to produce a module. Therefore, we designed a 3–6 dividing front electrode structure that is suitable for the shingled module. Thus, power loss was calculated based on the number of cell divisions and the number of fingers. The simulation results indicated that increases in the number of cells to be divided decreased the number of fingers exhibiting the maximum efficiency. The number of fingers optimized for division in to 5 cells was 128. Additionally, the power conversion efficiency was 17.346%, and this corresponded to the highest efficiency among various electrode structures for division from three to six solar cells. The optimized finger number for division into 3 cells was 171, and this corresponded to the lowest efficiency of 16.855%. The multi-crystalline silicon solar cells exhibiting a finger number of 100 were fabricated to compare with the simulation results. We analyzed the characteristics and obtained results that were nearly similar to those of the simulation. For application to a shingled module, a solar cell with an appropriate electrode structure was divided into 5 cells via the laser scribing system, subsequently bonded with an electrically conductive adhesive (ECA), and the characteristics were analyzed.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: solar cell performance optimization · Photovoltaic System Optimization Techniques · Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (38)
Show source-provided references
1. Energy Management Corporation, Ministry of Commerce Industry and Energy, Renewable Energy RD & D Strategy 2030, ninth ed., Bookshill, Seoul, 2007.
2. Max Mittage, Tobias Zech, Martin Wiese, David Bläsi, Matthieu Ebert, Harry Wirth, Cell-to-Module (CTM) Analysis for Photovoltaic Modules with Shingled Solar Cells, 44th IEEE PVSC, 2017.10.1109/PVSC.2017.8366260 ↗
3. The SPEER solar cell-Simulation study of shingled bifacial PERC-Technology-Based Stripe cells
4. Field failure mechansim study of solder interconnection for crystalline silicon photovoltaic module10.1016/j.microrel.2012.06.027 ↗
5. Sajedeh Nasr Esfahani, Saeed Asghari, Sahar Rashid-Nadimi, A numerical model for soldering process in silicon solar cells, 148 (2017) 49–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2017.03.065.10.1016/j.solener.2017.03.065 ↗
6. Solar cell improvement by using a multi busbar design as front electrode10.1016/j.egypro.2012.07.056 ↗
7. Improved efficiency silicon solar cell module10.1109/55.553040 ↗
8. Analysis for the degradation mechanism of photovoltaic ribbon wire wire under thermal cycling
9. Conductuve adesives for low-stress interconnection of thin back-contact solar cells
10. Detection of soldering induced damages on crystalline silicon solar modules fabricated by hot-air soldering method10.1016/j.renene.2015.05.017 ↗
11. Steffen Wiese, Rico Meier, Frank Kraemer, Mechanical behaviour and fatigue of copper ribbons used as solar cell interconnectors, in: 11th International Thermal Mechanical & Multi-Physics Simulation and Experiments in Microelectronics and Microsystems, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1109/ESIME.2010.5464551.10.1109/ESIME.2010.5464551 ↗
12. Residual stress analysis and bow simulation of crystalline silicon solar cells10.1631/jzus.A1500279 ↗
13. J. Wendt, M. Träger, R. Klengel, M. Petzold, D. Schade, R. Sykes, Improved quality test method for solder ribbon interconnects on silicon solar cells, in: 12th IEEE Intersociety Conference on Thermal and Thermomechanical Phenomena in Electronic Systems, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1109/ITHERM.2010.5501299.10.1109/ITHERM.2010.5501299 ↗
14. Performance of low series-resistance interconnections on the polycrystalline solar cell10.1016/j.solmat.2010.04.034 ↗
15. p. Grunow, Soldering of crystalline silicon modules: losses, reliability and improvements, in: Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Metallization for Crystalline Silicon Solar cells, Germany, 2010, 59–62.
16. Unified methodology for determining CTM ratios: Systematic prediction of module power10.1016/j.solmat.2014.06.025 ↗
17. A cell-to-module-to-array detailed model for photovoltaic panels10.1016/j.solener.2012.06.004 ↗
18. Comprehensive analysis and modeling of cell to module (CTM) conversion loss during c-Si Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) module manufacturing10.1016/j.solener.2016.02.020 ↗
19. Reassessment of cell to module gains and losses: accounting for the current boost specific to cells located on the edges10.1063/1.5049306 ↗
20. A mathematical model for cell-to-module conversion considering mismatching solar cells and the resistance of the interconnection ribbon10.1016/j.solener.2014.01.032 ↗
21. A review of interconnection technologies for improved crystalline silicon solar cell photovoltaic module assembly10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.04.120 ↗
22. Contact resistance: Its measurement and relative importance to power loss in a solar cell10.1109/T-ED.1984.21584 ↗
23. Griddler: Intelligent computer aided design of complex solar cell metallization patterns
24. M. Wolf, Metallization for large-area solar cells, in: 15th Photovoltaics Specialists Conference, 1981, pp. 506–511.
25. A.M. Gabor, G. Gregory, A.M. Payne, R. Janoch, A. Anselmo, V. Yelundur, K.O. Davis, Dependence of solar cell contact resistivity measurements on sample preparation methods, in: 2016 IEEE 43rd Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC), 2016, https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC.2016.7750221.10.1109/PVSC.2016.7750221 ↗
26. Grover, S. Effect of Transmission Line Measurement (TLM) Geometry on Specific Contact Resistivity Determination. Master’s Thesis, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA, 2016.
27. Role of firing temperature, sheet resistance, and contact area in contact formation on screen-printed metal contact of silicon solar cell10.1007/s11664-017-6022-7 ↗
28. Study on the sintering and contact formation process of silver front side metallization paste for crystalline silicon solar cells10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.03.089 ↗
29. Silicon solar cells: Structure properties of Ag-contacts/Si-substrate
30. Firing and processing effects on microstructure of fritted silver thick film electrode materials for solar cells10.1016/S0254-0584(03)00236-0 ↗
31. Effect of dispersibility of silver powders in conductive paste on microstructure of screen-printed front contacts and electrical performance of crystalline silicon solar cells
32. Advanced screen printing technique for high definition front side metallization of crystalline silicon solar cells10.1016/j.solmat.2009.05.018 ↗
33. Nils Klasen, Andrew Mondon, Achim Kraft, Ulrich Eitner, Shingled cell interconnection: A new generation of bifacial PV-modules, in: 7th Workshop on Metallization and Interconnection for Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells, 29 (2018) 12. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3152478.10.2139/ssrn.3152478 ↗
34. Materials challenge for shingled cells interconnection10.1016/j.egypro.2016.10.087 ↗
35. Characterization of electrically conductive adhesives for shingled array photovoltaic cells
36. Review of recent advances in electrically conductive adhesive materials and technologies in electronic packaging10.1163/156856108X320519 ↗
37. Electrical reliability of electrically conductive adhesive joints: dependence on curing condition and current density10.1016/S0026-2692(01)00007-6 ↗
38. Efficiency limits for single-junction and tandem solar cells10.1016/j.solmat.2006.06.002 ↗