journal article·2026-02-04

An Ammonium-Amino-Functionalized N-Annulated Perylene Diimide as a High-Performance Interlayer for Organic Photovoltaics

Michael J. Grant, Eswaran Jayaraman, Colton Atkinson, Mina Al-Kaisi, Fathimath Faseela, Hsuan-Yu Wang, Claudia Wilfinger, Clement Cabanetos, Vida Turkovic, Morten Madsen, Gregory C. Welch

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Abstract

The synthesis and characterization of a new N-annulated perylene diimide conjugated molecule bearing a unique ammonium-amino side chain (PDIN-A) is reported. The material is synthesized reproducibly by sequential S N 2 reactions, the simplicity of which enables high yields at scale, and exhibits amphiphilic behavior with high solubility in both polar and nonpolar solvents. Organic photovoltaic devices fabricated using PDIN-A as a cathode interlayer had a maximum power conversion efficiency of 16.17%. Critical is that all tested devices exhibited higher stability when compared to control devices using the now standard PDINN interlayer.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Molecular Junctions and Nanostructures · Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics · Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Research

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada

Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics and Thin Film Energy Devices (SDU CAPE), Mads Clausen Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Alsion 2, So̷nderborg DK-6400, Denmark

SDU Climate Cluster (SCC), Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark

CNRS, MOLTECH-ANJOU, SFR-MATRIX

Funding

Alberta Student Aid · European Commission · Canada Foundation for Innovation · Danmarks Frie Forskningsfond · HORIZON EUROPE Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions · University of Calgary · Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada

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