Developing the Next-Generation Perovskite/Si Tandems: Toward Efficient, Stable, and Commercially Viable Photovoltaics

Perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells have attracted research interests worldwide because of their potential to achieve a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) at a low cost. With the latest record PCE of 29.8%, perovskite/silicon technology faces both opportunities and challenges for commercialization in the photovoltaic market. This perspective first reviews the development history of perovskite/silicon tandems and the guidelines for PCE improvement. Further improvement in the efficiency of perovskite/silicon tandems will primarily rely on the light management in the device structure, phase stabilization, trap reduction for wide-bandgap perovskite materials, and the development of interlayer materials. Subsequently, we identified the main challenges in the commercialization of the technology and discussed the possible solutions. More efforts to accelerate the commercialization need to be made by exploiting the large-scale deposition technology of perovskite on textured silicon, understanding the degradation mechanism in the perovskite/silicon tandem device, and developing antidegradation technologies such as passivation and encapsulation. Lastly, the advances and challenges in vacuum-based perovskite deposition technology are discussed to encourage the application of the technology in the field of perovskite/silicon tandems.