Rational Design of Wide Spectral-Responsive Heterostructures of Au Nanorod Coupled Ag₃PO₄ with Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance

Noble metallic nanomaterials with surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effects and hot electron cell effects open new opportunities for designing efficient visible-light-driven hybrid photocatalysts. In this work, we reported a broadband visible-light responsive photocatalyst by incorporating Au nanorods (AuNRs) into Ag 3 PO 4 nanostructures. The longitudinal plasma of AuNRs enabled AuNRs/Ag 3 PO 4 heterostructures to harvest light energy up to 800 nm. The obtained AuNRs/Ag 3 PO 4 hybrid exhibited enhanced photocatalytic efficiency toward the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) under solar irradiation. Ag 3 PO 4, RhB, and AuNRs played different roles according to the distinct optical properties of each individual component. The dominant photocatalytic process in the different light regions were divided as follows: direct excitation of Ag 3 PO 4 for λ ≥ 420 nm, RhB sensitization for λ ≥ 550 nm, and SPR effect for λ ≥ 600 nm. The relationship between the pathway of charge transfer and the photocatalytic activity of the AuNRs/Ag 3 PO 4 heterostructures was investigated systematically, revealing the specific role of AuNRs in regulating the photocatalytic activity. This work presents an innovative strategy for determining the comprehensive function of the SPR effect in relevant semiconductor-based photocatalysis and functional nanodevices with a broadband light responses.