Amino Acid Double-Passivation-Enhanced Quantum Dot Coupling for High-Efficiency FAPbI₃ Perovskite Quantum Dot Solar Cells

Formamidinium lead triiodide (FAPbI 3 ) perovskite quantum dot has outstanding durability, reasonable carrier lifetime, and long carrier diffusion length for a new generation of highly efficient solar cells. However, ligand engineering is a dilemma because of the highly ionized and dynamic characteristics of quantum dots. To circumvent this issue, herein, we employed a mild solution-phase ligand-exchange approach through adding short-chain amino acids that contain amino and carboxyl groups to modify quantum dots and passivate their surface defects during the purification process. As a result, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of FAPbI 3 perovskite quantum dot solar cells (PQDSCs) increased from 11.23 to 12.97% with an open-circuit voltage of 1.09 V, a short-circuit current density of 16.37 mA cm –2, and a filling factor of 72.13%. Furthermore, the stability of the device modified by amino acids retains over 80% of the initial efficiency upon being exposed to 20–30% relative humidity for 240 h of aging treatment. This work may offer an innovative concept and approach for surface ligand treatment to improve the photovoltaic performance of PQDSCs toward large-scale manufacture.