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SOLAR RRL

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Solar RRL·2026
Beyond Exact Current Matching: Fabrication‐Tolerant Design of All‐Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells via Surrogate Modeling and Diode‐Based J – V Reconstruction

Mohammadreza Ghobadzadeh, Hamzeh Kashi Yarandi, Maryam Shahrostami, Ali Akbar Haji Zeynali Biyoki et al.

All‐perovskite tandem solar cells (TSCs) offer a promising route toward efficient photovoltaics, but their performance is affected by current mismatch and thickness variations. Here, we develop an explainable and robust optimization framework for a two‐terminal CsPbBr 3 /CsPbI 3 /MASnI 3 TSC. A coupled optical–electrical finite element method (FEM) generates an absorbe…

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Solar RRL·2026
Synergistic Molecular Engineering of Novel Self‐Assembled Monolayer for Perovskite Solar Cells

Xuepeng Liu, Jie Liu, Botong Li, Mingyuan Han et al.

The commonly used self‐assembled hole transport monolayer (SAM) in perovskite solar cells always suffer aggregation, energy level mismatch, and weak interaction with perovskite. Design and develop of novel SAM have been proven to be an important approach to enhance device efficiency and stability. Herein, a novel SAM incorporates methoxynaphthalene as terminal group was success…

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Solar RRL·2026
Nanoscale Insights Into Hydration‐ and Light‐Induced Surface Degradation and Annealing Recovery in Solution‐Processed Perovskite Thin Films

Shayan Ahmad, Wanxin Zhang, Haitao Dai, Zhixiang Sun

Using the same‐location atomic force microscopy (AFM), we investigated how hydration, thermal annealing, and optical irradiation affect the nanoscale surface evolution of solution‐processed formamidinium–methylammonium lead iodide (FA 0.6 MA 0.4 PbI 3 ) thin films. Upon exposure to high relative humidity (∼85% RH) at room temperature, the polycrystalline films exhibite…

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Solar RRL·2026
Quantifying Perovskite Solar Cell Degradation via Machine Learning From Spatially Resolved Multimodal Luminescence Time Series

Giulio Barletta, Simon Ternes, Saif Ali, Zohair Abbas et al.

Perovskite solar cells achieve remarkable power conversion efficiencies, yet operational stability remains a major barrier to large‐scale deployment. Reliable and rapid assessment of device state of health is therefore essential. Conventional electrical diagnostics, such as illuminated current–voltage (J–V) sweeps, provide accurate performance metrics but are time‐consuming and…

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Solar RRL·2026
Simultaneous Chemical Etching and Electrical Interconnection in Perovskite Solar Modules Enabled by Conductive Silver Adhesive

Yinli Gao, Yuanzhu Jiang, Teng Liao, Wang Zhao et al.

Series interconnection technology is critical to the practical application of perovskite solar modules. However, as a core step in the interconnection structure, the P2 process remains challenged by thermal damage, process complexity, and high costs associated with traditional laser scribing techniques. This work introduces a novel strategy using a low‐temperature‐cured conduct…

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Solar RRL·2026
Flexible Monolithic 2‐Terminal Kesterite Cu 2 ZnSnSe 4 /Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells

Muhammad Rehan, Hung Van Tran, Inyoung Jeong, Awet Mana Amare et al.

Growing demand for flexible photovoltaics has intensified interest in high‐efficiency tandem solar cells. This study demonstrates flexible monolithic kesterite/perovskite tandems by addressing the poor morphology and limited long‐wavelength response of low‐bandgap kesterite bottom cells. To enable flexible and tandem device applications, high‐quality Cu 2 ZnSnSe 4 (CZTSe)…

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Solar RRL·2026
Interfacial Modulation of Perovskite Solar Cells: Defect Suppression, Ion Migration, and Mechanical Stability

Xuping Liu, Qinghua Li

Interfaces play a central role in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), governing charge extraction, recombination dynamics, and operational stability. Precise interfacial engineering is therefore essential for enabling efficient carrier transport, suppressing nonradiative recombination, and prolonging device lifetime. Nevertheless, persistent interfacial challenges, including defect …

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Solar RRL·2026
Synergistic Enhancement of Efficiency and Stability in Triple‐Cation Perovskite Solar Cells via Optimal Cadmium Sulfide Quantum Dots Incorporation

Shervin Daneshvar e Asl, Hamaneh Zarenezhad, Sarp Kaya

In this study, we investigate the incorporation of cadmium sulfide (CdS) quantum dots (QDs) into the active layer of triple‐cation perovskite solar cells (PSCs) to simultaneously enhance device efficiency and operational stability. A systematic optimization revealed that 0.75 wt.% CdS QDs significantly improve perovskite film crystallinity, morphology, and light absorption and …

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Solar RRL·2026
Conformationally Locked Steric Regulation Enables a Y‐Series Medium‐Bandgap Acceptor Achieving 20.10% Efficiency in Organic Photovoltaics

Zhiwei Xu, Wen‐Jie Qiu, Jixiang Xie, Yuan Li et al.

Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) are promising candidates for sustainable energy applications, yet further efficiency improvements remain necessary. Medium‐bandgap acceptors have proven effective for improving device performance, but their development still requires effective molecular design strategies. Here, a Y‐series medium‐bandgap acceptor, X3, was developed through side‐chain…

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Solar RRL·2026
Recent Advances of Quasi‐Two‐Dimensional Perovskite Solar Cells

Yekai Li, Xiangxi Chen, Chunli Xiang, Minhan Liu et al.

Quasi‐two‐dimensional (quasi‐2D) perovskites are promising materials for next‐generation photovoltaics, offering significantly improved moisture and thermal stability over conventional three‐dimensional (3D) perovskites. However, their intrinsic multiple‐quantum‐well structure and the inclusion of bulky insulating organic cations severely hinder charge‐carrier transport, interl…

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Solar RRL·2026
Boosting Carrier Transport in Carbon‐Based Hole‐Transport‐Layer‐Free Perovskite Solar Cells via 2D/3D Interfacial Structural Configuration

Shiqi You, Liangping Zhu, Wenyan Zhao, Xixi Han et al.

Interfacial nonradiative recombination and operational instability remain major barriers to the commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Hole‐transport‐layer‐free carbon‐based PSCs (C‐PSCs) provide a promising low‐cost and scalable device configuration, yet their efficiency is strongly limited by defective and energetically mismatched perovskite/carbon interfaces. He…

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Solar RRL·2026
Interface Passivation and Morphology Regulation of Fullerene‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells for Enhancing Device Performance by phenethylammonium iodide

Ye Wang, Hengji Li, Qianwen Cao, Qixu Hu et al.

While [6,6]‐phenyl‐C 61 ‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM)/bathocuproine (BCP) is widely used as an electron transport stack in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs), its interfacial properties remain insufficiently studied. To clarify whether this interface can be optimized to enhance device performance, this work implements a targeted interfacial passivation strategy utili…

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Solar RRL·2026
Discrete Aluminum Oxide Surface Passivation Enables High Efficient Cadmium Telluride Solar Cells

Qianqian Gao, Jiabin Dong, Wenyu Qiu, Ming Li et al.

Cadmium telluride (CdTe) thin film has attracted significant attention in photovoltaic applications due to its high optical absorption coefficient and long‐term stable performance. However, the undesired back contact still worsens the charge carrier transport and thus hinders the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of CdTe solar cells. In this study, discrete aluminum oxide (Al _…

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Solar RRL·2026
Hydrophobic Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotube‐Nanosilicon Dioxide Transparent Conductive Film and Its Application in Photovoltaic Dust Removal

Le Li, Xiaoxuan Yin, Haoyi Li, Zheng Su et al.

The inevitable accumulation of dust on photovoltaic (PV) panel surfaces severely affects the solar energy conversion rate. In recent years, electrostatic adsorption dedusting based on transparent electrodes has become a popular research topic in the PV field, and transparent conductive film (TCF) materials with self‐cleaning properties have become the preferred solution for PV …

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Solar RRL·2026Open access
Double‐Layer Passivation by Common Fullerene Materials for Ultraviolet Stability of Organic Solar Cells and Modules

Tsai‐Jung Liu, Irfan Ismail, Yu‐Hui Chen, Yen‐Chen Lin et al.

The ultraviolet (UV) light is the major cause of performance decay in organic solar cells (OSCs), often initiated by photochemical reactions at the ZnO/active‐layer interface. Here, ZnO was passivated with C60 and phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as single or stacked double layers, deposited by solution processing (cylinder blade coating and spin coating) to enable m…

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Solar RRL·2026
Multisite Polymer Regulates Crystallization for Low‐Strain Perovskite Film

Jianfei Fu, Wen Liu, Jiajie Zhang, Ji Cao et al.

Defect‐induced lattice distortion represents a primary origin of lattice strain in perovskite films. Relieving this strain is essential for improving both the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), yet it remains a significant challenge. In this work, we introduce a multisite polyurea adhesive (MPUA) as an additive to regulate perovskite crystallization. The…

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Solar RRL·2026Open access
Plasma‐Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition‐Grown Zinc Oxide Thin Films for Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells

Muhammad Ainul Yaqin, Alexander Eberst, Alexandr Zamchiy, Felix Gunkel et al.

Zinc oxide thin films are successfully deposited using plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), representing a novel approach for fabricating transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layers. The initial undoped ZnO film exhibits a polycrystalline structure with a pronounced (002) orientation and low optical absorptance. However, the electrical properties of the film are cha…

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