AIP ADVANCES

Jiang Yu, Jianming Xu, Lu Fang, Jian Miao et al.

With the ongoing development of urban construction and the expanding scale of urbanization in China, pedestrian flow and traffic congestion in cities have become increasingly prominent. The construction of underground passages at urban transportation hubs has thus emerged as an effective method to alleviate traffic problems. The paper conducts a numerical simulation study on th…

Yifan Mao, Bo Wang, Shanlin Xu

To address the challenges of large-scale shield muck disposal and low-carbon requirements in grouting engineering, a multi-solid-waste self-activated muck grout was synthesized using industrial solid wastes, including carbide slag (CS), ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS), and fly ash. Multivariate second-order response models correlating the binder-to-soil ratio (x1), …

Simeon Amole, David Bolarinwa Agunbiade, Olusola Akinrinola, Adekola Ayorinde Orowusi et al.

Abstract not available. Bibliographic information is searchable.

Jun Xiong, Haicheng Hong, Xihao Zhou, Junxiang Liu et al.

Low-frequency vacuum circuit breakers exhibit longer arcing durations during contact separation compared to power frequency currents, due to the lower frequency of the interrupted AC arc. This extended arcing time intensifies contact ablation, reducing the breaker’s interruption capability and operational lifespan. This study employs modeling and simulation to establish a three…

Huang Runmeng, Li Xin, Liang Ying

Organic radiophotovoltaic (ORPV) systems have attracted increasing interest for long-lifetime energy harvesting under weak radiative environments. In this work, ternary organic photovoltaic devices driven by 3H/ZnS:Cu radioluminescence were theoretically investigated using density functional theory/time-dependent density functional theory calculations and SCAPS-1D simulations. …

Jingxin Xu, Wenlan Wang, Xiuyong Zhao, Jiaxin Zeng et al.

Rising global energy demand and worsening environmental issues have highlighted wind power’s importance as a clean energy source, yet its inherent variability—especially wind speed-driven ramp events—undermines grid stability. To enhance the accuracy of predicting wind power ramp events, this paper proposes an innovative spatiotemporal prediction model. The model integrates tem…

Yuanxia Fu, Ren Jia

The acquisition delay in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is the time interval between the ablation laser pulse and the start of signal collection. It significantly affects detection sensitivity and accuracy. Matrix effects on the optimal acquisition delay were investigated using 12 metals (V, Sn, Co, Nb, Cr, In, Ni, Cu, Er, Gd, Bi, and Zn) with distinctly different …

Wei Lin, Tzu-Yao Huang, Shih-Fan Yang, Shih-Wei Wang et al.

Accurate characterization of ion beams from sub-MeV to multi-MeV energies is essential for diagnostics in laser-driven ion acceleration and fusion research. CR-39 detectors are widely used to measure absolute ion yields, while ion energy and incidence angle can be inferred from etched-pit geometries. In this study, we present an automated CR-39 pit detection method that enables…

Alexandr A. Barsuk, Florentin Paladi

Free harmonic vibrations of an infinite string with a periodic system of elastic supports are investigated. The problem is formulated as a periodic multipoint spectral problem for the classical string vibration equation defined on the entire real axis. The original differential formulation is reduced to an equivalent linear homogeneous finite-difference equation with constant c…

Jonggeun Hwang, Wonho Jhe

Plasmonic tips are a critical determinant of the performance of tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS), making the reliable fabrication of tips with high enhancement factors an enduring challenge. Among noble metals, silver offers particularly strong electromagnetic field enhancement due to the large imaginary part of its dielectric constant. However, the low yield strength and…

Xiaoyu Huang, Heng Wang, Zhongqiang Ma, Lihua Dang et al.

To investigate the comprehensive effects of tempering temperature on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance of high Cr ferritic–martensitic steel, heat treatment tests were carried out on the normalized steel samples at three distinct tempering temperatures of 550, 650, and 750 °C. The microstructural features of the tempered steel were characterize…

Hoai Nguyen, A. K. M. Fazlul Karim Rasel, Alex McLaren, Mark A. Hayes

Rapid and accurate pathogen identification is critical for clinical diagnostics and treatment decisions. Dielectrophoresis (DEP) in microfluidic platforms has emerged as a promising label-free technique for bacterial identification, with demonstrated capability to distinguish closely related phenotypes based on biophysical properties. This strategy has the potential to complime…

Su-Jin Ri, Jin-Bom Kim, Kum-Song Ho, Song-Jin Im et al.

In this letter, we present that a magneto-plasmonic nano-disk resonator side-coupled to a metal–dielectric–metal waveguide can work as a magnetically controllable plasmonic phase modulator. The disk resonator can excite traveling wave resonant modes, which have a specular property quite different from ordinary standing wave resonant modes. Due to the property, there is no refle…

Jie-Chao Lei, Lei Yang, Jiang Ding, Ji Yao et al.

Inspired by the unique drag reduction structures on the surface of living organisms, such as the shield scale of shark skin and the papillae of the lotus leaf, a simplified two-dimensional (2D) circular cylinder with a grooved surface is presented, and the effects of the grooves on the drag reduction are numerically studied at a Reynolds number (Re) of 1000. The Force Element A…

Yang Liu, Wenhui Fang, Qiong Zhou, Delin Li et al.

Excavation-induced stress redistribution in deep rock engineering often drives the surrounding rock into a fractured post-peak state, where it continues to experience repeated engineering disturbances. To investigate the effect of cyclic loading on the mechanical behavior and energy evolution of post-peak rock, triaxial compression tests were conducted on marble specimens using…

Zheng Sun, Shouxin Wang, Haiqing Liu, Can Su et al.

The separatrix density plays a critical role in studies of the density limit and plasma confinement. Extensive statistical data from EAST demonstrate that as the plasma density increases, the neutral pressure and the separatrix density rise, leading to a reduction in plasma density peaking, which ultimately degrades overall confinement. Further experiments involving active dens…

Wenliang Zhu, Hanbin Wang, Chun Tian, Biyun Jin

To address the challenge that it is difficult to achieve accurate simulation and comprehensive quantitative evaluation of train braking anti-slip performance under various operating conditions, this paper establishes a multi-working-condition and multi-dimensional evaluation system for braking anti-slip performance. In accordance with standards such as EN 15595, taking wheel–ra…

Changsun Eun

Thermodynamic processes involve coupled energetic and entropic changes that determine free-energy variations governing stability and spontaneity. Their interplay is commonly examined using enthalpy–entropy plots, particularly in discussions of compensation effects. Despite their widespread use, the physical interpretation of graphical features, such as data points, regression t…

ZhaoQing Zhang, ZhiQiang Wang, QuanWei Liu, Han Yang et al.

This study presents the sealing of a high-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (HR-ICP-MS) within a glovebox for the analysis of radioactive samples. Components that directly contact radioactive samples—namely, the nebulizer and torch—were enclosed in the glovebox, while parts with no or minimal contact, including the ion lens assembly, magnetic and electrost…

Marryam Shafique, Muhammad Yaseen, Khidir Shaib Mohamed, Alawia Adam

This paper presents spline-based numerical schemes for solving the time-fractional mobile–immobile advection–dispersion equation involving the Caputo fractional derivative. Three spatial discretization approaches, cubic, extended cubic, and trigonometric cubic B-spline collocation methods, are developed within a unified fully discrete framework combined with the L1 time steppin…