Monodisperse hollow perovskite BaTiO3 nanostructures prepared by a sol–gel–hydrothermal method

A sol–gel–hydrothermal method was developed to prepare single-crystal BaTiO3 (BT) hollow nanoparticles, where acetylacetone (acac) was used as a modifier in TiO2 sol. The products were characterized by XRD, Raman spectroscopy, SEM, TEM and Nitrogen adsorption. The results show that the monodisperse hollow BT nanoparticles have an average size about 86.7 nm in diameter. Based on the results of the time-dependent experiment, a possible formation mechanism was proposed, which involves a pathway that is an aggregation–realignment–fusion process. The synthesized approach and the proposed growth mechanism could provide new insights into the designing and controlled preparation of hollow architectures of other perovskite oxides.