Imaging reconstructed TiO2 surfaces with non-contact atomic force microscopy

Abstract We have used non-contact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM) to study TiO2(110), identifying a row with twice the thickness of a TiO2(110)1×2 row. This can be explained by a [110] extension of the added row model of TiO2(110)1×2. In the [001] direction, this reconstruction narrows into a 1×2 row giving strong evidence that the two structures are very closely related. For the TiO2(100) surface, we present NC-AFM data which supports the intermediate 1×3-β model previously proposed on the basis of an STM experiment.