Preparation and performance characterization of AlF 3 as interface stabilizer coated Li 1.24 Ni 0.12 Co 0.12 Mn 0.56 O 2 cathode for lithium-ion batteries

Abstract Li 1.24 Ni 0.12 Co 0.12 Mn 0.56 O 2 (LNCM) with high specific capacity is a potential cathode for commercial lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). To improve the high-rate capacity and cyclic stability, LNCM sample is successfully coated by minor AlF 3 . The crystal structure and electrochemical properties of the bare and coated samples are investigated by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM, TEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT), and charge/discharge measurements. The coating layer AlF 3 efficiently plays a positive role in enhancing rate performance and cyclic stability of LNCM. At 0.5 A g −1 , the specific discharge capacity of LNCM@2%AlF 3 is 149 mAh g −1 much higher than 35 mAh g −1 in bare LNCM. At 20 mA g −1 , the specific discharge capacity of LNCM@2%AlF 3 is 223 mAh g −1 at the 60th cycle in comparison with 203 mAh g −1 in bare LNCM. Moreover, a proper AlF 3 coating layer efficiently ensures the stability of LNCM cathode operated at higher temperature. LNCM@2%AlF 3 operated at 55 °C remains 219 mAh g −1 at the 50th cycle, much higher than bare LNCM only remains 99 mAh g −1 at the 40th cycle.