Susceptibility of different pigments to irradiation by two lasers with different pulse duration and wavelength
Source abstract
Abstract
The effects of available laser treatments on paint pigments must be taken into consideration for effective cleaning of wall painting. Selection of the most appropriate parameters of the laser is essential for optimal cleaning. This study analysed the effects of two lasers operating at different wavelength and pulse duration (Avia Nd:YVO 4 emitting at 355 nm, with a pulse duration of 25 ns, and Spirit system laser at 1040 nm and 380 fs) on pigments used in wall paintings (tempera and rock art). Specifically, pressed tablets of carbonates (azurite, malachite and lead white), sulphides (cinnabar and orpiment), oxide (hematite) and a natural mixture of silicates and oxides (red earth) were prepared and irradiated for initial measurement of laser damage thresholds and then, higher fluence levels were applied to induce severe changes on surfaces. Despite of fluences used with the Spirit (IR-fs) were higher than those with Avia (UV-ns), colour changes were generally higher in the latter. Regardless of the laser, sulphides were the most susceptible pigments, and cinnabar underwent intense darkening even at minimum fluence, whereas lead white was the most resistant pigment. Colour changes were attributed to mineralogical and chemical changes in some cases and to micromorphological changes in others.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Ocular and Laser Science Research · Laser Material Processing Techniques · Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (86)
Show source-provided references
1. J.F. Asmus, C.G. Murphy, W.H. Munk, Studies On The Interaction Of Laser Radiation With Art Artifacts, in: R.F. Wuerker (Ed.), Dev. Laser Technol. II, SPIE, 1974: pp. 19–30. doi: 10.1117/12.953831.10.1117/12.953831 ↗
2. Lasers in the preservation of cultural heritage
3. Effectiveness and harmfulness evaluation of graffiti cleaning by mechanical, chemical and laser procedures on granite10.1016/j.microc.2015.10.040 ↗
4. The use of erbium lasers for the conservation of cultural heritage. a review10.1016/j.culher.2017.10.007 ↗
5. The laser as a tool for the cleaning of cultural heritage10.1088/1757-899X/364/1/012078 ↗
6. Laser ablation of iron-rich black films from exposed granite surfaces10.1007/s00339-014-8470-8 ↗
7. Laser removal of water repellent treatments on limestone10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00701-3 ↗
8. Ablation of uv-transparent materials with femtosecond UV excimer laser pulses10.1016/0167-9317(89)90104-4 ↗
9. Physics of ultra-short laser interaction with matter: from phonon excitation to ultimate transformations10.1016/j.pquantelec.2013.05.001 ↗
10. Comparative study of ornamental granite cleaning using femtosecond and nanosecond pulsed lasers10.1016/j.apsusc.2012.12.038 ↗
11. Ultrashort pulsed laser ablation of granite for stone conservation10.1016/j.optlastec.2022.108057 ↗
12. Towards safe and effective femtosecond laser cleaning for the preservation of historic monuments10.1007/s00339-023-06455-x ↗
13. Laser fluence, repetition rate and pulse duration effects on paint ablation10.1016/j.apsusc.2005.02.143 ↗
14. Increasing the hydrophobicity degree of stonework by means of laser surface texturing: An application on Zimbabwe black granites10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.12.196 ↗
15. Actual laser removal of black soiling crust from siliceous sandstone by high pulse repetition rate equipment: effects on surface morphology10.3989/mc.2016.02215 ↗
16. Laser damage thresholds of optical coatings10.1016/j.tsf.2009.07.150 ↗
17. Mayer · 1985
18. Analysis of rock art painting and technology of Palaeolithic painters10.1088/0957-0233/14/9/310 ↗
19. H. Gomes, H. Collado, A. Martins, G.H. Nash, P. Rosina, C. Vaccaro, L. Volpe, Pigment In Western Iberian Schematic Rock Art: An Analytical Approach, (2014). doi: 10.5281/ZENODO.15050.
20. Raman microscopy of prehistoric paintings in French megalithic monuments10.1002/jrs.4852 ↗
21. F. d’Errico, L. Dayet Bouillot, M. García-Diez, A. Pitarch Martí, D. Garrido Pimentel, J. Zilhão, The technology of the earliest European cave paintings: El Castillo Cave, Spain, J. Archaeol. Sci. 70 (2016) 48–65. doi: 10.1016/j.jas.2016.03.007.10.1016/j.jas.2016.03.007 ↗
22. Μicro-Raman spectroscopy for the characterization of rock-art pigments from Abrigo del Águila (Badajoz – Spain)10.1016/j.optlastec.2018.01.015 ↗
23. A multi-analytical study of rock paintings from leandro 5 megalithic barrow, North-Western Portugal
24. F. Carrera Ramírez, El arte parietal en monumentos megalíticos del Noroeste Ibérico: Valoración, diagnóstico, conservación: Valoración, diagnóstico, conservación, University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, MI, 2011. doi: 10.30861/9781407307459.10.30861/9781407307459 ↗
25. A. Weyer, ed., EwaGlos: European illustrated glossary of conservation terms for wall paintings and architectural surfaces; English definitions with translations into Bulgarian, Croatian, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Polish, Romanian, Spanish and Turkish, Imhof, Petersberg, 2015.
26. Analytical study of the chemical and physical changes induced by KrF laser cleaning of tempera paints10.1021/ac025778c ↗
27. Evaluation of the chemical and physical changes induced by KrF laser irradiation of tempera paints10.1016/S1296-2074(02)01143-3 ↗
28. Er:YAG laser: an innovative tool for controlled cleaning of old paintings: testing and evaluation10.1016/S1296-2074(02)01232-3 ↗
29. Laser irradiation of medieval pigments at IR, VIS and UV wavelengths10.1016/S1296-2074(02)01206-2 ↗
30. Spectroscopic studies of laser ablation plumes of artwork materials10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00245-9 ↗
31. Wavelength and pulse duration effects on laser induced changes on raw pigments used in paintings10.1016/j.saa.2012.10.001 ↗
32. Studies towards a thorough understanding of the laser-induced discoloration mechanisms of medieval pigments10.1016/S1296-2074(02)01207-4 ↗
33. Laser assisted removal of synthetic painting-conservation materials using UV radiation of ns and fs pulse duration: morphological studies on model samples10.1016/j.apsusc.2008.12.049 ↗
34. Multianalytical study of laser pulse duration effects in the IR laser cleaning of wall paintings from the monumental cemetery of pisa10.1155/2006/39046 ↗
35. Diagnosis of materials and effectiveness of Er:YAG laser cleaning as complementary treatment in a panel painting attributed to Lluís Borrassà (fifteenth century)10.1007/s00339-016-0100-1 ↗
36. M. Camaiti, M. Matteini, A. Sansonetti, J. Striova, E. Castellucci, A. Andreotti, M.P. Colombini, A. DeCruz, R. Palmer, The interaction of laser radiation at 2.94 µm with azurite and malachite pigments, in: M. Castillejo, P. Moreno, M. Oujja, R. Radvan, J. Ruiz (Eds.), Lasers Conserv. Artworks VIII Proc. Int. Conf. Lasers Conserv. Artworks VII LACONA VII Madr. Spain 17-21 Sept. 2007, CRC Press: Taylor&Francis Group, London, 2007: pp. 253–258.10.1201/9780203882085.ch40 ↗
37. Laser cleaning in conservation of stone, metal, and painted artifacts: state of the art and new insights on the use of the Nd:YAG lasers10.1007/s00339-011-6690-8 ↗
38. Recent studies of laser science in paintings conservation and research10.1021/ar900224n ↗
39. The effects of UV laser light radiation on artists’ pigments10.1016/S1296-2074(00)00180-1 ↗
40. Laser für Reinigung und Freilegung von Wandmalerei – Möglichkeiten und Gefahren
41. N. Eastaugh, V. Walsh, T. Chaplin, R. Siddall, Pigment Compendium: A Dictionary of Historical Pigments, 0 ed., Routledge, 2007. doi: 10.4324/9780080473765.10.4324/9780080473765 ↗
42. CIE S014-4/E:2007, Colorimetry-part 4: CIE 1976 L* a* b* colour space, Comm. Int. Eclairage CIE Cent. Bur. Vienna (2007).
43. Interactions of CO2 and CO at fractional atmosphere pressures with iron and iron oxide surfaces: one possible mechanism for surface contamination?10.1002/sia.1188 ↗
44. Accessing the robustness of adventitious carbon for charge referencing (correction) purposes in XPS analysis: insights from a multi-user facility data review10.1016/j.apsusc.2022.153681 ↗
45. M. Pérez, K. Castro, M.D. Rodríguez, M.A. Olazabal, J.M. Madariaga, A critical analysis of commercial pigments., in: ART 2002 Proc. 7th Int. Conf. Non-Destr. Test. Microanal. Diagn. Conserv. Cult. Environ. Herit., Antwerp, Belgium; University of Antwerp: Antwerp-Wilrijk, Belgium, 2002: pp. 173–182.
46. Pb and Sr isotopes and the provenance of the painting materials of Cornelius Krieghoff in 19th‐century Canada10.1111/arcm.12189 ↗
47. Interaction of femtosecond laser pulses with tempera paints10.1016/j.apsusc.2008.07.205 ↗
48. Advances in laser cleaning of artwork and objects of historical interest: the optimized pulse duration approach10.1021/ar900190f ↗
49. Analysis of the laser-induced reduction mechanisms of medieval pigments10.1016/S0169-4332(00)00909-0 ↗
50. Near-crater discoloration of white lead in wall paintings during laser induced breakdown spectroscopy analysis10.1016/j.sab.2007.10.031 ↗
51. Analytical spectroscopic investigation of wavelength and pulse duration effects on laser-induced changes of egg-yolk-based tempera paints10.1366/000370210791211628 ↗
52. Color difference delta E - a survey
53. Effect of surface finish on roughness, color, and gloss of ornamental granites10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000285 ↗
54. Influence of the commercial finishes of ornamental granites on roughness, colour and reflectance10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.06.144 ↗
55. Surface Oxidation and Reduction of CuO and Cu2O Studied Using XPS and XAES10.1002/(SICI)1096-9918(199611)24:12<811::AID-SIA191>3.0.CO;2-Z ↗
56. Controlled coordination and oxidation states of copper and manganese cations in complex nickel–copper–cobalt–manganese oxide thin films10.1116/1.1355361 ↗
57. CuMn2 O4: properties and the high-pressure induced Jahn-Teller phase transition10.1088/0953-8984/13/11/311 ↗
58. Advanced analysis of copper X‐ray photoelectron spectra10.1002/sia.6239 ↗
59. M.C. Biesinger, L.W.M. Lau, A.R. Gerson, R.St.C. Smart, Resolving surface chemical states in XPS analysis of first row transition metals, oxides and hydroxides: Sc, Ti, V, Cu and Zn, Appl. Surf. Sci. 257 (2010) 887–898. doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2010.07.086.10.1016/j.apsusc.2010.07.086 ↗
60. Characterization of zinc sulfide species on smithsonite surfaces during sulfidation processing: effect of ammonia liquor10.1016/j.jiec.2017.11.042 ↗
61. X-ray and ion irradiation effects on azurite, malachite and alizarin pictorial models10.1016/j.microc.2017.11.014 ↗
62. High resolution XPS of organic polymers: the scienta ESCA300 database10.1021/ed070pA25.5 ↗
63. D. Briggs, Surface Analysis of Polymers by XPS and Static SIMS, 1st ed., Cambridge University Press, 1998. doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511525261.10.1017/CBO9780511525261 ↗
64. Amino acid secretion influences the size and composition of copper carbonate nanoparticles synthesized by ureolytic fungi10.1007/s00253-019-09961-2 ↗
65. Quantitative determination of the passive layer on Cu–Ni alloys10.1002/sia.740230703 ↗
66. Laser interaction with polychromy: laboratory investigations and on-site observations10.1016/S1296-2074(02)01147-0 ↗
67. UV Nd:YAG laser ablation of copper: chemical states in both crater and halo studied by XPS10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00532-4 ↗
68. XPS study of the dependence on stoichiometry and interaction with water of copper and oxygen valence states in the YBa sub 2 Cu sub 3 O sub 7-x compound10.1016/0022-4596(89)90011-X ↗
69. Analysis of the laser-induced discoloration of lead white pigment10.1016/S0169-4332(02)00499-3 ↗
70. Cleaved natural orpiment (As2S3) by XPS10.1116/11.20061001 ↗
71. Analytical imaging studies of the migration of degraded orpiment, realgar, and emerald green pigments in historic paintings and related conservation issues10.1186/s40494-016-0078-1 ↗
72. The darkening of copper- or lead-based pigments explained by a structural modification of natural orpiment: a spectroscopic and electrochemical study10.1039/C7JA00047B ↗
73. Pigments—arsenic-based yellows and reds10.1007/s12520-021-01431-z ↗
74. Valence and core-level binding energy shifts in realgar (As4S4) and pararealgar (As4S4) arsenic sulfides10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00491-6 ↗
75. The role of proximity caps during the annealing of UV-ozone oxidized GaAs10.1063/1.2740359 ↗
76. Justin Gorham, NIST X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Database - SRD 20, (2012). doi: 10.18434/T4T88K.
77. XPS characterization of inserted mercury sulfide single layers in a Langmuir-Blodgett matrix10.1016/0169-4332(91)90074-T ↗
78. Direct evidence for metallic mercury causing photo-induced darkening of red cinnabar tempera paints10.1038/s42004-021-00610-2 ↗
79. Yellowing effect and discoloration of pigments: experimental and theoretical studies10.1016/S1296-2074(02)01205-0 ↗
80. Core and valence level photoemission studies of iron oxide surfaces and the oxidation of iron10.1016/0039-6028(77)90239-4 ↗
81. X-ray photoelectron, FTIR, and Mössbauer spectroscopy studied the effect of Fe2O3/CuO substitution on structural and electrical properties of lithium borosilicate glasses10.1007/s10854-021-05865-y ↗
82. M.C. Biesinger, B.P. Payne, A.P. Grosvenor, L.W.M. Lau, A.R. Gerson, R.St.C. Smart, Resolving surface chemical states in XPS analysis of first row transition metals, oxides and hydroxides: Cr, Mn, Fe, Co and Ni, Appl. Surf. Sci. 257 (2011) 2717–2730. doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2010.10.051.10.1016/j.apsusc.2010.10.051 ↗
83. Preparation of hollow magnetite microspheres and their applications as drugs carriers10.1186/1556-276X-7-210 ↗
84. The technique of the mural paintings of the Tournai Cathedral10.1002/jrs.1578 ↗
85. Surface oxidation of pyrite as a function of pH10.1021/es980213c ↗
86. The Effect of Thermal and Mechanical Treatments on Kaolinite: characterization by XPS and IEP Measurements10.1006/jcis.1999.6241 ↗