Hybrid laser-micro-arc oxidation techniques for enhanced biocompatibility and surface modification of Ti13Nb13Zr alloy in biomedical applications

The research conducted in this paper focuses on an innovative hybrid surface modification technique for Ti13Nb13Zr alloys, combining an Nd: YAG laser treatment process with a micro-arc oxidation (MAO) technique. The work aimed to increase biocompatibility and improve surface properties, crucial for biomedical applications. By introducing zinc and sodium ions into the ceramic films and manipulating the duration of the MAO process, significant improvements in surface morphology, corrosion resistance, and cytocompatibility were achieved. Surface topography analyses showed a dual modification effect, increasing roughness, isotropy, and wettability properties, which are important for improving osteointegration and cell proliferation. Corrosion resistance tests confirmed a clear increase in corrosion resistance for hybrid-modified samples, especially those with a hydroxyapatite-enriched MAO ceramic layer. Cytocompatibility tests showed increased cell adhesion and proliferation, highlighting the benefits of combining laser and MAO techniques. These results indicate the great potential of the hybrid method in terms of improving the functionality and durability of bone and dental implants.