Electronic and optical properties of plutonium metal and oxides from Reflection Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy
Source abstract
Abstract
Abstract Reflection Electron Energy Loss Spectra (REELS) have been acquired on plutonium δ-Pu-Ga alloys, α-Pu2O3 and PuO2. The position of the peaks attributable to the Pu 6p excitation can be used as ‘fingerprint’ for these species. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy has been used to aid interpretation of the REELS spectra. The band gap of PuO2 was determined from the onset of the energy loss in the REELS spectrum. The REELS data have been evaluated within the dielectric response theory by means of the QUEELS-∊(k, w)-REELS software [Surf. Interface Anal. 36, (2004) 824]. The Energy Loss Function, dielectric function, refractive index and extinction coefficient for these materials have been determined in the ultraviolet and extreme ultraviolet range and are compared to previously reported results. Crown copyright (C) 2021 Published by Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Nuclear Materials and Properties · Fusion materials and technologies · Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (45)
Show source-provided references
1. D.L. Clark, D.A. Geeson, R.J. Hanrahan (Eds.) Plutonium Handbook, American nuclear Society, La Grange Park, Illinois, 2019.
2. High temperature X-ray investigation of plutonium oxidation10.1016/0022-3115(69)90251-7 ↗
3. Gas adsorption studies on Pu metal by photoemission spectroscopy10.1016/0039-6028(93)90758-C ↗
4. AES and XPS study of plutonium oxidation10.1116/1.570503 ↗
5. Plutonium hydride, sesquioxide and monoxide monohydride: pyrophoricity and catalysis of plutonium corrosion10.1016/S0925-8388(01)00932-X ↗
6. J. Pfluger, Chapter 13 Determination of optical constants by high-energy, Electron energy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS) in Handbook of optical constants of solids II, E. D. Palik (Eds.), Academic Press, 1998.10.1016/B978-0-08-055630-7.50016-X ↗
7. Kramers-Kronig analysis of reflection electron-energy-loss spectra measured with a cylindrical mirror analyzer10.1103/PhysRevB.39.8209 ↗
8. Validity of Yubero-Tougaard theory to quantitatively determine the dielectric properties of the surface nanofilms10.1103/PhysRevB.77.249904 ↗
9. Analysis of Reflection Electron Energy Loss Spectra (REELS) for determination of the dielectric function of solids: Fe Co, Ni10.1016/j.susc.2007.03.001 ↗
10. Optical properties of silicon and germanium determined by high-precision analysis of reflection electron energy loss spectroscopy spectra10.1103/PhysRevB.100.245209 ↗
11. Auger electron and characteristic energy loss spectra of plutonium10.1016/0039-6028(75)90189-2 ↗
12. Optical properties and electronic transitions of zinc oxide, ferric oxide, cerium oxide, and samarium oxide in the ultraviolet and extreme ultraviolet10.1364/AO.56.006611 ↗
13. Measurement of the band gap by reflection electron energy loss spectroscopy10.1016/j.elspec.2016.08.001 ↗
14. Optical properties of molybdenum in the ultraviolet and extreme ultraviolet by reflection electron energy loss spectroscopy10.1364/AO.391014 ↗
15. S. Tougaard, “QUASES-XS-REELS: software for quantitative analysis of REELS and determination of inelastic electron scattering cross sections in absolute units,” Version 2.2, http://www.quases.com/products/quases‑ xs‑ reels/.
16. Differential inelastic electron scattering cross section from experimental reflection electron energy loss spectra: application to background removal in electron spectroscopy10.1103/PhysRevB.35.6570 ↗
17. QUEELS software package for calculation of surface effects in electron spectra10.1002/sia.1774 ↗
18. S. Tougaard, F. Yubero, “QUEELS- ∊(k, ω)-REELS:software package for quantitative analysis of electron energy loss spectroscopy; dielectric function determined by reflection electron energy loss spectroscopy”, Version 4.3, http:/www.quases.com/products/queels-e-k-o-reels/.
19. Plasma losses by fast electrons in thin films10.1103/PhysRev.106.874 ↗
20. Ellipsometer studies of plutonium oxidation10.1021/j100843a004 ↗
21. Wooten · 1972
22. X-ray photoemission study of plutonium metal10.1088/0305-4608/12/9/028 ↗
23. An XPS study of the valence levels in alpha plutonium10.1016/0020-1650(81)80071-2 ↗
24. XPS study of plutonium oxides10.1016/0038-1098(81)90658-X ↗
25. Electronic structure and chemical bonding in PuO210.1103/PhysRevB.87.245108 ↗
26. Measuring the absolute position of ELLS ionization edges in a TEM10.1016/S0304-3991(03)00185-2 ↗
27. Valence band UPS, 6p core level XPS, and LEED of uranium (001)10.1103/PhysRevB.73.165109 ↗
28. Inverse photoemission measurements of plutonium metal and oxides
29. Evaluation of calculated and measured electron inelastic mean free paths near solid surfaces10.1063/1.556035 ↗
30. Resistivite electrique des solutions solides d’alliages Pu-Ga en phase δ a tres basses temperatures (4,2–300 K)10.1016/0022-3115(71)90097-3 ↗
31. The optical constants of gallium stabilized δ-plutonium metal between 0.7 and 4.3 eV measured by spectroscopic ellipsometry using double-windowed experimental chamber10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.01.165 ↗
32. Optical constants of plutonium at 5461 A10.1016/0022-3115(67)90013-X ↗
33. Spectroscopic ellipsometry extraction of optical constants for materials from oxide covered samples: application to the plutonium/oxides system10.1063/1.5092129 ↗
34. Optical properties of thin films10.1016/0040-6090(82)90590-9 ↗
35. X-ray photoemission study of δ-Pu stabilized 1 wt. % Ga: electronic structure and sputter-induced surface phase transformation10.1103/PhysRevB.37.8480 ↗
36. Characterization and stability of thin oxide films on plutonium10.1016/j.susc.2010.10.034 ↗
37. Optical band gap of NpO2 and PuO2 from optical absorbance of epitaxial films10.1063/1.4772595 ↗
38. Structural, thermodynamic and electronic properties of plutonium oxides by first principles10.1103/PhysRevB.78.075125 ↗
39. Optical properties of PuO2 and α-Pu2O3 by GGA + U + QA studies10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.05.070 ↗
40. Effect of temperature on the initial, thermal oxidation of zirconium10.1016/j.actamat.2005.03.009 ↗
41. New insight into δ-Pu alloy oxidation kinetics highlighted by using in-situ X-ray diffraction coupled with an original Rietveld refinement method10.1016/j.corsci.2018.03.046 ↗
42. Study by X-radiation of the plutonium-oxygen diagram from ambient up to 1100 °C10.1016/0022-3115(76)90114-8 ↗
43. The growth and evolution of thin oxide films on δ-plutonium surfaces10.1088/1757-899X/9/1/012038 ↗
44. Plutonium oxide transformation kinetics and diffusion coefficient measurement10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.11.004 ↗
45. Atmospheric oxidation of Pu-1wt.%Ga in the temperature range 150–500 °C10.1016/0022-5088(86)90128-1 ↗