Development of a Magnetic Levitation Wafer Handling Robot Transfer System with High-Accuracy and High-Cleanliness: Experimental Evaluation
Source abstract
Abstract
Magnetic levitation can reduce particulate contamination that occurs during wafer transportation in the semiconductor manufacturing process. This technology radically eliminates contact between the wafer and the transport system, reducing friction, wear, and particle generation. Therefore, it is suitable for achieving high cleanliness in the ultra-fine line-width semiconductor production process and solving the need for particle removal in a vacuum environment. In this study, the roller and linear motion guide components of the wafer transfer system were replaced with a magnetic levitation module, and a robot arm was installed on top to transport a single wafer. A posture controller and a current controller were designed, and test equipment simulating the wafer transfer system was also manufactured and tested. Regarding mover and system identification, a sine sweep test was performed on the motion axis of the five degrees of freedom. Through the obtained system identification, it was possible to design the posture controller more precisely. Moreover, through levitation in standstill experiments and high-speed operation experiments, the wafer transport system can be used to verify dust-free high-speed transport and accurate positioning performance.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence · Soft Robotics and Applications · Magnetic Bearings and Levitation Dynamics
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Department of AI Machinery, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials (KIMM), Daejeon 34103, Republic of Korea
Funding
National Research Council of Science & Technology under Project “Development of core machinery technologies for autonomous operation and manufacturing”
References (26)
Show source-provided references
1. Reinhardt, K., and Kern, W. (2018). Handbook of Silicon Wafer Cleaning Technology, William Andrew. [3rd ed.].
2. Srinivasan, R.S. (1997, January 6–8). Models for Estimating Wear Particles in Preliminary Design of Semiconductor Equipment. Proceedings of the 1997 IEEE International Symposium on Semiconductor Manufacturing Conference, San Francisco, CA, USA.
3. Schmulling, B., Appunn, R., and Hameyer, K. (2008, January 6–9). Electromagnetic Guiding of Vertical Transportation Vehicles: State Control of an Over-determined System. Proceedings of the 2008 18th International Conference on Electrical Machines, Vilamoura, Portugal.10.1109/ICELMACH.2008.4800171 ↗
4. Electromagnetic Guiding of Vertical Transportation Vehicles: Experimental Evaluation10.1109/TIE.2009.2032432 ↗
5. Liu, G., Lu, Y., Xu, J., Cui, Z., and Yang, H. (2023). Magnetic Levitation Actuation and Motion Control System with Active Levitation Mode based on Force Imbalance. Appl. Sci., 13.10.3390/app13020740 ↗
6. Hu, K., Jiang, H., Zhu, Q., Qian, W., and Yang, J. (2023). Magnetic Levitation Belt Conveyor Control System based on Multi-sensor Fusion. Appl. Sci., 13.10.3390/app13137513 ↗
7. Han, H.S., and Kim, D.S. (2016). Magnetic Levitation, Springer Tracts on Transportation and Traffic.10.1007/978-94-017-7524-3 ↗
8. Experimental Validation of Deadzone Compensation for a Magnetic Levitation Transporting OLED Displays System10.1007/s12555-021-0183-0 ↗
9. Contamination-free Transfer of Silicon Wafers with a Magnetic Levitation Transport System in Vacuum10.1016/0042-207X(90)94109-4 ↗
10. Magnetic Levitation Systems compared to Conventional Bearing Systems10.1016/j.mee.2006.01.248 ↗
11. Lim, J.S., and Lee, H.W. (2021). Movement Control Method of Magnetic Levitation System using Eccentricity of Non-Contact Position Sensor. Appl. Sci., 11.10.3390/app11052396 ↗
12. Design and Precision Construction of Novel Magnetic-levitation-based Multi-axis Nanoscale Positioning Systems10.1016/j.precisioneng.2007.02.001 ↗
13. Positioning Performance and Straightness Error Compensation of the Magnetic Levitation Stage supported by the Linear Magnetic Bearing10.1109/TIE.2003.809415 ↗
14. High-precision Magnetic Levitation Stage for Photolithography10.1016/S0141-6359(98)00009-9 ↗
15. Magnetic Bearing Stage for Photolithography10.1016/S0007-8506(07)62520-7 ↗
16. Gabriel, G.-G., Diego, A.-A., Enrique, V.C., Francesc, G., Emilia, M., Paul, A., and Alexander, I. (2019). Fuzzy Logic Controller Parameter Optimization using Metaheuristic Cuckoo Search Algorithm for a Magnetic Levitation System. Appl. Sci., 9.10.3390/app9122458 ↗
17. Electromagnet Weight Reduction in a Magnetic Levitation System for Contactless Delivery Applications10.3390/s100706718 ↗
18. Lee., K.-C., Moon, J.-W., Lee, M.-C., Kim, J.-M., Kim, J.-W., and Koo, D.-H. (June, January 30). Electric Monorail System with Magnetic Levitations and Linear Induction Motors for Contactless Delivery Applications. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Power Electronics, Jeju, Republic of Korea.
19. A Novel High Precision Electromagnetic Suspension for Long-stroke Movement and Its Performance Evaluation10.5370/JEET.2014.9.2.514 ↗
20. Magnetic Levitated Electric Monorail System for Flat Panel Display Glass Delivery Applications10.5302/J.ICROS.2011.17.6.566 ↗
21. Experimental Development of Levitation Control for a High-accuracy Magnetic Levitation Transport System10.1016/j.isatra.2020.01.026 ↗
22. Development of a High-accuracy Magnetic Levitation Transport System for OLED Evaporation Process10.3795/KSME-A.2018.42.12.1111 ↗
23. Beer, F.P., Johnston, E.R., Eisenberg, E.R., Mazurek, D.F., Clausen, W.E., and Cornwell, P.J. (1977). Vector Mechanics for Engineers, McGraw-Hill. [4th ed.]. Chapter 15.
24. Morris, K.A. (2000). Introduction to Feedback Control, Academic Press.
25. Analysis of Embedded Pre-filters in Motion Profiles10.1109/TIE.2017.2726959 ↗
26. Optimization Process for Polynomial Motion Profiles to Achieve Fast Movement with Low Vibration10.1109/TCST.2020.2998094 ↗