Emerging Technologies for Advanced Power Electronics and Machine Design in Electric Drives
Source abstract
Abstract
The paper presents a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in power electronics and electric machine design, focusing on novel topologies, semiconductor technologies, and integrated design techniques for electric drives. New drive topologies are gradually moving from the research phase to practical application, aiming to increase the rated power, efficiency, and reliability of electric drives. Specifically, these topologies can be categorized into series, which focus on increasing the operating voltage; parallel, which aim at enhancing the operating current and adding redundancy; and multiphase, known for offering significant benefits such as improved fault tolerance, higher torque generation, the possibility of synthetic loading, and diverse winding layout options. Emerging wide bandgap semiconductors, such as silicon carbide and gallium nitride, allow for operation at higher frequencies and lower power losses, enabling further drive integration. In terms of design practices, higher computational power, supported by advanced software, enables simulation and analysis in multiple domains (thermal, mechanical, electromagnetic) using multiphysics co-simulation, as well as multi-objective optimization concepts to achieve rapid prototyping of optimized drive systems. All the approaches described are important steps towards further improving electric drives for numerous applications in industry, consumer electronics, and transportation.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Multilevel Inverters and Converters · Silicon Carbide Semiconductor Technologies · Advanced DC-DC Converters
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Department of Mechatronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
Funding
Slovenian Ministry of Higher Education, Science, and Innovation · Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency
References (100+)
Show source-provided references
1. A survey of wide bandgap power semiconductor devices10.1109/TPEL.2013.2268900 ↗
2. Power electronics intensive solutions for advanced electric, hybrid electric, and fuel cell vehicular power systems10.1109/TPEL.2006.872378 ↗
3. Power electronic converters in electric aircraft: Current status, challenges, and emerging technologies10.1109/TTE.2020.3006045 ↗
4. Overview of current thermal management of automotive power electronics for traction purposes and future directions10.1109/TTE.2022.3147976 ↗
5. Power electronics and motion control-technology status and recent trends10.1109/28.245713 ↗
6. Power electronics and motor drives recent progress and perspective10.1109/TIE.2008.2002726 ↗
7. Bose, B.K. (2020). Power Electronics and Motor Drives: Advances and Trends, Academic Press. [2nd ed.].10.1016/B978-0-12-821360-5.00007-5 ↗
8. Wilamowski, B.M., and Irwin, J.D. (2018). Power Electronics and Motor Drives, CRC Press.10.1201/9781315218410 ↗
9. Hayes, J.G., and Goodarzi, G.A. (2018). Electric Powertrain: Energy Systems, Power Electronics and Drives for Hybrid, Electric and Fuel Cell Vehicles, John Wiley & Sons.10.1002/9781119063681 ↗
10. Recent advances in power electronics technology for industrial and traction machine drives10.1109/5.931496 ↗
11. Industrial electronics for electric transportation: Current state-of-the-art and future challenges10.1109/TIE.2015.2409052 ↗
12. Multiphase Electric Machines for Variable-Speed Applications10.1109/TIE.2008.918488 ↗
13. Multiphase machines and drives-revisited10.1109/TIE.2015.2493510 ↗
14. Recent advances in the design, modeling, and control of multiphase machines-Part I10.1109/TIE.2015.2447733 ↗
15. Recent advances in the design, modeling, and control of multiphase machines-Part II10.1109/TIE.2015.2448211 ↗
16. A review on multiphase drives for automotive traction applications10.1109/TTE.2019.2956355 ↗
17. Integrated motor drives: State of the art and future trends10.1049/iet-epa.2015.0506 ↗
18. Vpliv modulacijske frekvence na izgube elektromotornega pogona, harmonsko popačenje toka in temperaturo asinhronskega motorja
19. Survey on reliability of power electronic systems10.1109/TPEL.2012.2192503 ↗
20. Hren, A., Truntič, M., and Mihalič, F. (2023). A Survey on the State-of-the-Art and Future Trends of Multilevel Inverters in BEVs. Electronics, 12.10.3390/electronics12132993 ↗
21. Design and comparison of cascaded H-bridge, modular multilevel converter, and 5-L active neutral point clamped topologies for motor drive applications10.1109/TIA.2017.2767538 ↗
22. Design and control of modular multilevel converters for battery electric vehicles10.1109/TPEL.2015.2408435 ↗
23. Modular multilevel converters: Recent achievements and challenges10.1109/OJIES.2021.3060791 ↗
24. The age of multilevel converters arrives10.1109/MIE.2008.923519 ↗
25. Hothongkham, P., and Kinnares, V. (2007, January 27–30). Investigation into harmonic losses in a PWM multilevel cascaded H-bridge inverter fed induction motor. Proceedings of the 2007 7th International Conference on Power Electronics and Drive Systems, Bangkok, Thailand.10.1109/PEDS.2007.4487832 ↗
26. Effect of multilevel inverter supply on core losses in magnetic materials and electrical machines10.1109/TEC.2014.2372095 ↗
27. Nitzsche, M., Cheshire, C., Fischer, M., Ruthardt, J., and Roth-Stielow, J. (2019, January 7–9). Comprehensive comparison of a SiC MOSFET and Si IGBT based inverter. Proceedings of the PCIM Europe 2019; International Exhibition and Conference for Power Electronics, Intelligent Motion, Renewable Energy and Energy Management, VDE, Nürnberg, Germany.
28. Rihar, A., Vončina, D., Fišer, R., and Lavrič, H. (2017, January 25–26). Primerjava analitičnega in numeričnega izračuna izgubnih moči pri trifaznem razsmerniku z MOSFETi. Proceedings of the 2017 26th International Electrotechnical and Computer Science Conference (ERK), Portorož, Slovenia.
29. Biswas, M.M., Podder, S., and Khan, M.Z.R. (2016, January 20–22). Modified H-bridge multilevel inverter for Photovoltaic micro-grid systems. Proceedings of the 2016 9th International Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (ICECE), Dhaka, Bangladesh.10.1109/ICECE.2016.7853935 ↗
30. Josefsson, O. (2015). Investigation of a Multilevel Inverter for Electric Vehicle Applications, Chalmers University of Technology.
31. High order sliding mode direct torque control of a DFIG supplied by a five-level SVPWM inverter for the wind turbine
32. Qashqai, P., Sheikholeslami, A., Vahedi, H., and Al-Haddad, K. (2015, January 19–22). A review on multilevel converter topologies for electric transportation applications. Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC), Montreal, QC, Canada.10.1109/VPPC.2015.7352882 ↗
33. Modular multilevel converters technology: A comprehensive study on its topologies, modelling, control and applications10.1049/iet-pel.2018.5734 ↗
34. Asymmetrical cascaded multilevel inverter based on transistor-clamped H-bridge power cell10.1109/TIA.2014.2346711 ↗
35. Novel reduced switch-count structure for symmetric/asymmetric cascaded multilevel inverter10.1007/s13369-020-04659-4 ↗
36. Khomfoi, S., and Tolbert, L.M. (2011). Multilevel power converters. Power Electronics Handbook, Elsevier.10.1016/B978-0-12-382036-5.00017-3 ↗
37. Comparative evaluation of advanced three-phase three-level inverter/converter topologies against two-level systems10.1109/TIE.2012.2233698 ↗
38. Three-phase three-level four-leg NPC converters with advanced model predictive control10.1007/s43236-021-00283-z ↗
39. Koshti, A.K., and Rao, M. (2017, January 24–26). A brief review on multilevel inverter topologies. Proceedings of the 2017 International Conference on Data Management, Analytics and Innovation (ICDMAI), Pune, India.10.1109/ICDMAI.2017.8073508 ↗
40. A dual three-level T-NPC inverter for high-power traction applications10.1109/JESTPE.2016.2517819 ↗
41. Flying capacitor multilevel inverters and DTC motor drive applications10.1109/TIE.2002.801231 ↗
42. Design and control of a GaN-based, 13-level, flying capacitor multilevel inverter10.1109/JESTPE.2019.2956166 ↗
43. A Flying Capacitor-Based Multilevel Inverter Architecture With Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Configurations10.1109/JESTPE.2020.3029681 ↗
44. Nordvall, A. (2011). Multilevel Inverter Topology Survey. [Master’s Thesis, Chalmers University of Technology].
45. A generalized multilevel inverter topology with self voltage balancing10.1109/28.913728 ↗
46. Recent advances and industrial applications of multilevel converters10.1109/TIE.2010.2049719 ↗
47. Review of multilevel voltage source inverter topologies and control schemes10.1016/j.enconman.2010.09.006 ↗
48. Multilevel inverter topologies with reduced device count: A review10.1109/TPEL.2015.2405012 ↗
49. Design and implementation of a highly efficient three-level T-type converter for low-voltage applications10.1109/TPEL.2012.2203151 ↗
50. DC-link voltage balancing for a three-level electric vehicle traction inverter using an innovative switching sequence control scheme10.1109/JESTPE.2013.2296973 ↗
51. Enhanced DC-link capacitor voltage balancing control of DC–AC multilevel multileg converters
52. Kwak, J., and Castellazzi, A. (2023). State-of-the-Art 800 V Electric Drive Systems: Inverter–Machine Codesign for Energy Efficiency Optimization. Electronics, 12.10.3390/electronics12143063 ↗
53. Kernstock, H., and Plassnegger, B. (2012, January 4–6). High efficiency soft switched 3-level MOSFET Inverter for an Electric Vehicle PMSM Drive. Proceedings of the 2012 15th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference (EPE/PEMC), Novi Sad, Serbia.10.1109/EPEPEMC.2012.6397210 ↗
54. Harmonic Suppression Scheme for Multipulse Converter Fed Multilevel Inverter-Based IM Drive10.1109/TIA.2021.3110832 ↗
55. Generalized harmonic control for CHB converters with unbalanced cells operation10.1109/TIE.2019.2956383 ↗
56. Zygmanowski, M., Grzesik, B., and Michalak, J. (September, January 30). Power conditioning system with cascaded H-bridge multilevel converter - DC-link voltage balancing method. Proceedings of the 2011 14th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications, Birmingham, UK.
57. Encarnação, L.F., and Aredes, M. (2012, January 5–7). DC-link regulation of a multilevel asymmetric cascaded D-STATCOM with staircase and discontinuous PWM modulation. Proceedings of the 2012 10th IEEE/IAS International Conference on Industry Applications, Fortaleza, Brazil.10.1109/INDUSCON.2012.6451563 ↗
58. Moeini, A., Kankanala, S.H., and Kimball, J.W. (2020, January 11–15). DC link voltage balancing of the active front-end for the extreme fast charging stations. Proceedings of the 2020 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), Detroit, MI, USA.10.2172/1991850 ↗
59. Silva, L., Pimentel, S., and Pomilio, J. (2005, January 16). Analysis and proposal of capacitor voltage control for an asymmetric cascaded inverter. Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE 36th Power Electronics Specialists Conference, Dresden, Germany.
60. Modular multilevel converters: State of the art and future progress10.1109/MPEL.2018.2873496 ↗
61. Multilevel inverters: Literature survey–topologies, control techniques & applications of renewable energy sources-grid integration
62. Survey on Fault Operation on Multilevel Inverters10.1109/TIE.2009.2032194 ↗
63. Survey of Fault-Tolerance Techniques for Three-Phase Voltage Source Inverters10.1109/TIE.2014.2301712 ↗
64. Symmetric cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter with enhanced multi-phase fault tolerant capability10.1109/TIE.2021.3114745 ↗
65. Survey on Fault-Tolerant Techniques for Power Electronic Converters10.1109/TPEL.2014.2304561 ↗
66. Wu, R., Blaabjerg, F., Wang, H., Liserre, M., and Iannuzzo, F. (2013, January 10–13). Catastrophic failure and fault-tolerant design of IGBT power electronic converters-an overview. Proceedings of the IECON 2013—39th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, Vienna, Austria.10.1109/IECON.2013.6699187 ↗
67. A fault-tolerant hybrid cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter10.1109/TPEL.2020.2996097 ↗
68. Versatile three-level FC-NPC converter with high fault-tolerance capabilities: Switch fault detection and isolation and safe postfault operation10.1109/TIE.2017.2682009 ↗
69. Fault-tolerant structure for cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter and reliability evaluation10.1049/iet-pel.2015.1025 ↗
70. Hoon, Y., Mohd Radzi, M.A., Hassan, M.K., and Mailah, N.F. (2017). Control algorithms of shunt active power filter for harmonics mitigation: A review. Energies, 10.10.3390/en10122038 ↗
71. A survey on cascaded multilevel inverters10.1109/TIE.2009.2030767 ↗
72. A comparison of high-power converter topologies for the implementation of FACTS controllers10.1109/TIE.2002.803217 ↗
73. Comparative study of multilevel inverters under unbalanced voltage in a single DC link10.1049/iet-pel.2012.0454 ↗
74. Multilevel inverters: A survey of topologies, controls, and applications10.1109/TIE.2002.801052 ↗
75. Hysteresis current control operation of flying capacitor multilevel inverter and its application in shunt compensation of distribution systems10.1109/TPWRD.2006.877100 ↗
76. Fault-tolerant control of paralleled-voltage-source-inverter-fed PMSM drives10.1109/TIE.2015.2403795 ↗
77. Rihar, A., Nemec, M., Drobnič, K., and Vončina, D. (2019, January 23–24). Zagon in preliminarno preizkušanje vodenja 2x3-faznega pogona. Proceedings of the 2019 International Electrotechnical and Computer Science Conference ERK 2019, Portorož, Slovenia.
78. Nemec, M., and Rihar, A. (2018, January 17–18). Načrtovanje programske opreme za vodenje večfaznega pogona. Proceedings of the 2018 International Electrotechnical and Computer Science Conference ERK 2018, Portorož, Slovenia.
79. Bojoi, R., Rubino, S., Tenconi, A., and Vaschetto, S. (2016, January 20–22). Multiphase electrical machines and drives: A viable solution for energy generation and transportation electrification. Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference and Exposition on Electrical and Power Engineering (EPE), Iasi, Romania.10.1109/ICEPE.2016.7781416 ↗
80. Multiphase induction motor drives-a technology status review10.1049/iet-epa:20060342 ↗
81. Reconfigurable Multi-Three-Phase Drive for Naval Rim-Driven Propulsion System10.1109/TIA.2022.3142234 ↗
82. Comparison of AC-Superconducting Multiphase Symmetric-Winding Topologies for Wind Power Generators with PM Rotors
83. Fault-Tolerant Interior-Permanent-Magnet Machines for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Applications10.1109/TVT.2007.896978 ↗
84. Advances in Converter Control and Innovative Exploitation of Additional Degrees of Freedom for Multiphase Machines10.1109/TIE.2015.2434999 ↗
85. General Torque Enhancement Approach for a Nine-Phase Surface PMSM With Built-In Fault Tolerance10.1109/TIE.2020.3007053 ↗
86. Five-Phase Interior Permanent-Magnet Motors with Low Torque Pulsation10.1109/TIA.2006.887235 ↗
87. An Enhanced Distributed Control Architecture of Multiple Three-Phase PMSG for Improving Redundancy10.1109/TPEL.2023.3288049 ↗
88. Open and Short Circuit Post-Fault Control Strategies for Multi-Three-Phase Interior Permanent Magnet Machines10.1109/TEC.2021.3090982 ↗
89. Schofield, N., Niu, X., and Beik, O. (2014, January 15–18). Multiphase machines for electric vehicle traction. Proceedings of the 2014 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo (ITEC), Dearborn, MI, USA.10.1109/ITEC.2014.6861840 ↗
90. A novel synthetic loading method for multiple three-phase winding electric machines10.1109/TEC.2018.2850976 ↗
91. Five-phase induction motor drives with DSP-based control system10.1109/TPEL.2002.800983 ↗
92. Torque density improvement of five-phase PMSM drive for electric vehicles applications10.6113/JPE.2011.11.4.401 ↗
93. Direct-Power Control of a Grid-connected Five-phase Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Generator Based on a Five-to Three-phase Matrix Converter
94. Five-phase permanent-magnet motor drives10.1109/TIA.2004.841021 ↗
95. Huang, W., Huang, Y., and Xu, D. (2023). Model-Free Predictive Current Control of Five-Phase PMSM Drives. Electronics, 12.10.3390/electronics12234848 ↗
96. Catuogno, G.R., Garcia, G.O., and Leidhold, R. (2016, January 23–26). Fault tolerant control in six-phase PMSM under four open-circuits fault conditions. Proceedings of the IECON 2016—42nd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, Florence, Italy.10.1109/IECON.2016.7793390 ↗
97. Bifurcation Analysis of Five-Phase Induction Motor Drives With Third Harmonic Injection10.1109/TIE.2008.918470 ↗
98. Design and Analysis of an Integrated Modular Motor Drive for More Electric Aircraft10.1109/TTE.2020.2992901 ↗
99. Modular Vector Control of Multi-Three-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors10.1109/TIE.2020.3026271 ↗
100. Overview of Electric Motor Technologies Used for More Electric Aircraft (MEA)10.1109/TIE.2011.2165453 ↗