Sol-gel derived monoclinic@hexagonal tungsten oxide nanocomposite for optoelectronic and smart windows applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
No abstract is available for this record. The assistant can identify its topic from the title, but cannot infer the study’s results.
Source: Not provided · Quality: missing
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Transition Metal Oxide Nanomaterials · Aerogels and thermal insulation · Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (100+)
Show source-provided references
1. W.D. Jr Callister, D.G. Rethwisch, Materials science and engineering: an introduction, John wiley & sons2020
2. W.D. Callister, D.G. Rethwisch, Fundamentals of materials science and engineering, Wiley London2000
3. Y. Tokura, N. Nagaosa, Orbital physics in transition-metal oxides. Science. 288(5465), 462–468 (2000)10.1126/science.288.5465.462 ↗
4. P.A. Cox, Transition metal oxides: an introduction to their electronic structure and properties, Oxford University Press (2010)
5. S. Maekawa, T. Tohyama, S.E. Barnes, S. Ishihara, W. Koshibae, G. Khaliullin, Physics of transition metal oxides (Springer Science & Business Media), (2013)
6. M. Sebak, A. Aladim, F. Gami, A.M. Rayan, M.R. Ahmed, M.A. Hassan, Design and optimization of a universal, cost-effective gas sensing and photoconductivity measuring system, 103191 (2026)10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2026.103191 ↗
7. M.R. Ahmed, E.M.M. Ibrahim, A. Hamazaoui, A.M. Rayan, A.A. Azab, A.M. Abdel Hakeem, Impact of Al3+ substitution in M-type hexaferrite on structural, magnetic, and dielectric properties. Phys. Scr. 99(11), 115905 (2024)10.1088/1402-4896/ad7d42 ↗
8. H.M. Abd El-Lateef, A.M. Rayan, A.A. Azab, M.R. Ahmed, M.A. Hassan, A comprehensive study of lanthanum aluminate nanoparticles prepared by the pechini method: from structure to function. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 36(7), 419 (2025)
9. C.C. Mardare, A.W. Hassel, Review on the versatility of tungsten oxide coatings. Phys. Status Solidi (A). 216(12), 1900047 (2019)10.1002/pssa.201900047 ↗
10. S. Cong, F. Geng, Z.J.A.M. Zhao, Tungsten oxide Mater. optoelectronic Appl. 28, 10518–10528 (2016)
11. S. Tanisaki, Crystal structure of monoclinic tungsten trioxide at room temperature. J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 15(4), 573–581 (1960)10.1143/JPSJ.15.573 ↗
12. S. Balaji, Y. Djaoued, A.S. Albert, R. Brüning, N. Beaudoin, J. Robichaud, Porous orthorhombic tungsten oxide thin films: synthesis, characterization, and application in electrochromic and photochromic devices. J. Mater. Chem. 21(11), 3940–3948 (2011)10.1039/c0jm03773g ↗
13. E. Salje, The orthorhombic phase of WO3. Struct. Sci. 33(2), 574–577 (1977)
14. P.M. Woodward, A.W. Sleight, T. Vogt, Structure refinement of triclinic tungsten trioxide. J. Phys. Chem. Solids. 56(10), 1305–1315 (1995)10.1016/0022-3697(95)00063-1 ↗
15. K. Ito, R. Uchida, K. Noda, Visible light-assisted hydrogen generation over platinum-loaded tungsten trioxide nanorods with the hexagonal and triclinic phases. J. Photochem. Photobiol., A 443, 114824 (2023)10.1016/j.jphotochem.2023.114824 ↗
16. S.K. Hussain, M.S. Kim, R. Thota, S.W. Joo, J.H.J.S.M. Bang, Tetragonal Tungsten Oxide for Supercapacitor Electrodes (Study of Phase-Driven Charge Storage Mechanism and Work Function Control, 2024), p. 240185410.1002/smtd.202401854 ↗
17. S.H.E.N. Chao, S.N. Jiang, Lithium-ion diffusion path of tetragonal tungsten bronze (TTB) phase Nb18W16O93. Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China. 32(11), 3679–3686 (2022)10.1016/S1003-6326(22)66048-5 ↗
18. T. Lu, Z. Wang, J. He, Y. Qiu, X. Chen, A. Chen, X. Liu, L. He, J. Li, F. Sun, Z. Zhao, Enhancing the electrochemical performance of LiNi0. 8Co0. 1Mn0. 1O2 by surface modification with homemade high-purity hexagonal phase tungsten oxide nanoparticles. J. Alloys Compd. 1007, 176482 (2024)10.1016/j.jallcom.2024.176482 ↗
19. J. Yang, X. Chen, X. Liu, Y. Cao, J. Huang, Y. Li, F. Liu, From hexagonal to monoclinic: engineering crystalline phase to boost the intrinsic catalytic activity of tungsten oxides for the hydrogen evolution reaction. ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 9(16), 5642–5650 (2021)10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c00485 ↗
20. Y. Kong, H. Sun, X. Zhao, B. Gao, W. Fan, Fabrication of hexagonal/cubic tungsten oxide homojunction with improved photocatalytic activity. Appl. Catal. A 505, 447–455 (2015)10.1016/j.apcata.2015.05.015 ↗
21. F. Cora, A. Patel, N.M. Harrison, R. Dovesi, C.R.A. Catlow, An ab initio Hartree– Fock study of the cubic and tetragonal phases of bulk tungsten trioxide. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 118(48), 12174–12182 (1996)10.1021/ja961514u ↗
22. G.A. Niklasson, C.G. Granqvist, Electrochromics for smart windows: thin films of tungsten oxide and nickel oxide, and devices based on these. J. Mater. Chem. 17(2), 127–156 (2007)10.1039/B612174H ↗
23. Q. Meng, S. Cao, J. Guo, Q. Wang, K. Wang, T. Yang, R. Zeng, J. Zhao, B. Zou, Sol-gel-based porous Ti-doped tungsten oxide films for high-performance dual-band electrochromic smart windows. J. Energy Chem. 77, 137–143 (2023)10.1016/j.jechem.2022.10.047 ↗
24. M.K. Ganesha, I. Mondal, A.K. Singh, G.U. Kulkarni, Fabrication of large-area, affordable dual-function electrochromic smart windows by using a hybrid electrode coated with an oxygen-deficient tungsten oxide ultrathin porous film. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 15(15), 19111–19120 (2023)10.1021/acsami.2c22638 ↗
25. M. Kang, J. Liang, F. Wang, X. Chen, Y. Lu, J. Zhang, Structural design of hexagonal/monoclinic WO3 phase junction for photocatalytic degradation. Mater. Res. Bull. 121, 110614 (2020)10.1016/j.materresbull.2019.110614 ↗
26. V.T. Nguyen, H.S. Nguyen, V.T. Pham, T.T.M. Nguyen, T.L.A. Luu, H.L. Nguyen, D.C. Nguyen, C.T. Nguyen, Tungsten oxide nanoplates: facile synthesis, controllable oxygen deficiency and photocatalytic activity. Commun. Phys. 30(4), 319 (2020)10.15625/0868-3166/30/4/14425 ↗
27. F. Mehmood, R. Pachter, N.R. Murphy, W.E. Johnson, C.V. Ramana, Effect of oxygen vacancies on the electronic and optical properties of tungsten oxide from first principles calculations. J. Appl. Phys. 120 (2016)10.1063/1.4972038 ↗
28. Z. Jalili, E. Koushki, A.H. Ehsanian, R. Tayebee, B. Maleki, Synthesis, band gap structure and third order non-linear optical properties of zinc tungsten oxide nanocomposite using a single CW laser beam. Front. Chem. 11, 1152501 (2023)10.3389/fchem.2023.1152501 ↗
29. H.H. Afify, S.A. Hassan, M. Obaida, I. Moussa, A. Abouelsayed, Preparation, characterization, and optical spectroscopic studies of nanocrystalline tungsten oxide WO3, vol. 111 (Optics & Laser Technology, 2019), pp. 604–61110.1016/j.optlastec.2018.10.036 ↗
30. H. Nath, A. Kumar, S. Singh, G.U. Kulkarni, R. Gupta, Strategic synthesis of mixed-phase tungsten oxide for electrochromic smart windows. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 17(9), 14147–14156 (2025)10.1021/acsami.4c15176 ↗
31. C. Chacón, M. Rodríguez-Pérez, G. Oskam, G. Rodríguez-Gattorno, Synthesis and characterization of WO3 polymorphs: monoclinic, orthorhombic and hexagonal structures. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 26(8), 5526–5531 (2015)
32. Y.M. Solonin, O.Y. Khyzhun, E.A. Graivoronskaya, Nonstoichiometric tungsten oxide based on hexagonal WO3. Cryst. Growth. Des. 1(6), 473–477 (2001)10.1021/cg015545z ↗
33. L. Ghasemi, H. Jafari, Morphological characterization of tungsten trioxide nanopowders synthesized by sol-gel modified pechini's method. Mater. Res. 20(6), 1713–1721 (2017)10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2017-0467 ↗
34. Y. Chai, F.Y. Ha, F.K. Yam, Z. Hassan, Fabrication of tungsten oxide nanostructure by sol-gel method. Procedia Chem. 19, 113–118 (2016)10.1016/j.proche.2016.03.123 ↗
35. X. Song, Y. Zhao, Y.J.M.L. Zheng, Hydrothermal synthesis tungsten oxide nanobelts. 60, 3405–3408 (2006)
36. J. Li, X. Liu, J. Cui, J. Sun, Hydrothermal synthesis of self-assembled hierarchical tungsten oxides hollow spheres and their gas sensing properties. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 7(19), 10108–10114 (2015)10.1021/am508121p ↗
37. S. Supothina, P. Seeharaj, S. Yoriya, M. Sriyudthsak, Synthesis of tungsten oxide nanoparticles by acid precipitation method. Ceram. Int. 33(6), 931–936 (2007)10.1016/j.ceramint.2006.02.007 ↗
38. O. Rezaee, H. Mahmoudi Chenari, F.E. Ghodsi, Precipitation synthesis of tungsten oxide nanoparticles: X-ray line broadening analysis and photocatalytic efficiency study. J. Solgel Sci. Technol. 80(1), 109–118 (2016)10.1007/s10971-016-4073-5 ↗
39. D.J. Suh, T.J. Park, Sol– gel strategies for pore size control of high-surface-area transition-metal oxide aerogels. Chem. Mater. 8(2), 509–513 (1996)10.1021/cm950407g ↗
40. D.A. Ward, E.I. Koyy, Preparing catalytic materials by the sol-gel method. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 34(2), 421–433 (1995)10.1021/ie00041a001 ↗
41. M. Yoshimura, K.J.J.M.S. Byrappa, Hydrothermal processing of materials: past. present future. 43, 2085–2103 (2008)
42. W.L. Suchanek, R.E. Riman, Hydrothermal synthesis of advanced ceramic powders. Adv. Sci. Technol. 45, 184–193 (2006)10.4028/www.scientific.net/AST.45.184 ↗
43. K. Koparkar, R. Korpe, Modern Synthesis Techniques for Metal Oxides I, Luminescent Metal Oxides (CRC), 25–44 (2023)10.1201/9781003366232-2 ↗
44. G. Mirani, A.P. Patankar, S.S. Borole, V.S. Pawar , A. and, J. Kadam , V, Direct compression high functionality excipient using coprocessing technique: A brief review. Curr. Drug Deliv. 8(4), 426–435 (2011)10.2174/156720111795767960 ↗
45. M. Breedon, P. Spizzirri, M. Taylor, J. Du Plessis, D. McCulloch, J. Zhu, L. Yu, Z. Hu, C. Rix, W. Wlodarski, K. Kalantar-zadeh, Synthesis of nanostructured tungsten oxide thin films: A simple, controllable, inexpensive, aqueous sol– gel method. Cryst. Growth. Des. 10(1), 430–439 (2010)10.1021/cg9010295 ↗
46. J. Livage, M. Henry, C.J.P.i.s.s.c. Sanchez. Sol-gel Chem. transition metal oxides. 18, 259–341 (1988)
47. Y. Wang, Z. Zhang, Z. Wang, Y. Zuo, H. Zhou, D. Sun, Y. Li, Y. Yan, T. Feng, A. Xie, Self-seeded growth of hexagonal-phase WO3 film by a one-step hydrothermal method for high-performance electrochromic energy storage devices. J. Power Sources. 633, 236350 (2025)10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.236350 ↗
48. P. González-Borrero, F. Sato, A. Medina, M.L. Baesso, A.C. Bento, G. Baldissera, C. Persson, G.A. Niklasson, C.G. Granqvist, A. Ferreira da Silva, Optical band-gap determination of nanostructured WO3 film. Appl. Phys. Lett. 96 (2010)10.1063/1.3313945 ↗
49. A. Nakrela, M.E. Nehal, A. Bouzidi, R. Miloua, M. Medles, M. Khadraoui, R. Desfeux, Comprehensive investigation of WO3-x thin films: Structural, optical, and electrical insights, with application in photodegradation of dyes. Ceram. Int. 51(13), 16997–17006 (2025)10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.02.009 ↗
50. J. Tauc, Optical properties and electronic structure of amorphous Ge and Si. Mater. Res. Bull. 3(1), 37–46 (1968)10.1016/0025-5408(68)90023-8 ↗
51. F. Urbach, The long-wavelength edge of photographic sensitivity and of the electronic absorption of solids. Phys. Rev. 92(5), 1324 (1953)10.1103/PhysRev.92.1324 ↗
52. S.H. Wemple, M.J.P.R.B. DiDomenico Jr, Behavior of the electronic dielectric constant in covalent and ionic materials. Phys. Rev. B 3(4), 1338 (1971)10.1103/PhysRevB.3.1338 ↗
53. A. Al Mohammad, M. Gillet, Phase transformations in WO3 thin films during annealing. Thin Solid Films. 408(1–2), 302–309 (2002)10.1016/S0040-6090(02)00090-1 ↗
54. B. Rodríguez, J. Dolado, J. López-Sánchez, P. Hidalgo, B. Méndez, Room temperature polymorphism in WO3 produced by resistive heating of w wires. Nanomaterials. 13(5), 884 (2023)10.3390/nano13050884 ↗
55. O. Abe, O. Qiu, Z.R. Jinschek , J. and, P.I. Gouma, Effect of (100) and (001) hexagonal WO 3 Faceting on isoprene and acetone gas selectivity. Sensors. 21(5), 1690 (2021)10.3390/s21051690 ↗
56. X. Li, X. Cao, W. Wang, Y. Yang, G. Rao, Preparation and characterization of WO3 from ammonium paratungstate via hydrothermal method. Front. Chem. China. 1(4), 389–392 (2006)10.1007/s11458-006-0057-2 ↗
57. P. Shreya, Phogat, R. Jha, S. Singh, Microwave-synthesized γ-WO3 nanorods exhibiting high current density and diffusion characteristics. Transition Met. Chem. 48(3), 167–183 (2023)10.1007/s11243-023-00533-y ↗
58. J.H. Ha, P. Muralidharan, D.K. Kim, Hydrothermal synthesis and characterization of self-assembled h-WO3 nanowires/nanorods using EDTA salts. J. Alloys Compd. 475(1–2), 446–451 (2009)10.1016/j.jallcom.2008.07.048 ↗
59. Y. Tao, W. Zhang, N. Li, F. Wang, S. Hu, Atomic occupancy mechanism in brownmillerite Ca2FeAlO5 from a thermodynamic perspective. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 103(1), 635–644 (2020)10.1111/jace.16711 ↗
60. L. Wang, Y. Kong, M. Oehring, M. Song, F. Pyczak, Atomic site occupancy of alloying elements and Laves phase stability in γ-γ′ Co-base superalloys. J. Alloys Compd. 906, 164261 (2022)10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.164261 ↗
61. H. Zheng, J.Z. Ou, M.S. Strano, R.B. Kaner, A. Mitchell, K. Kalantar‐zadeh, Nanostructured tungsten oxide–properties, synthesis, and applications. Adv. Funct. Mater. 21(12), 2175–2196 (2011)10.1002/adfm.201002477 ↗
62. G.L. Frey, A. Rothschild, J. Sloan, R. Rosentsveig, R. Popovitz-Biro, R. Tenne, Investigations of nonstoichiometric tungsten oxide nanoparticles. J. Solid State Chem. 162(2), 300–314 (2001)10.1006/jssc.2001.9319 ↗
63. F.S. Manciu, J.L. Enriquez, W.G. Durrer, Y. Yun, C.V. Ramana, S.K. Gullapalli, Spectroscopic analysis of tungsten oxide thin films. J. Mater. Res. 25(12), 2401–2406 (2010)10.1557/jmr.2010.0294 ↗
64. N. Zhang, C. Chen, Z. Mei, X. Liu, X. Qu, Y. Li, S. Li, W. Qi, Y. Zhang, J. Ye, V.A. Roy, Monoclinic tungsten oxide with {100} facet orientation and tuned electronic band structure for enhanced photocatalytic oxidations. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 8(16), 10367–10374 (2016)10.1021/acsami.6b02275 ↗
65. B.O. Loopstra, H.M. Rietveld, Further refinement of the structure of WO3. Struct. Sci. 25(7), 1420–1421 (1969)
66. B.O. Loopstra, P. Boldrini, Neutron diffraction investigation of WO3. Acta Crystallogr. A 21(1), 158–162 (1966)10.1107/S0365110X66002469 ↗
67. V.G. Tsirelson, The mapping of electronic energy distributions using experimental electron density. Struct. Sci. 58(4), 632–639 (2002)
68. D.L. Dorset, Structural electron crystallography (Springer Science & Business Media, 1995)10.1007/978-1-4757-6621-9 ↗
69. J.J.C.S. Rodríguez-Carvajal, France, FullProf, 1045, 132–146 (2001)
70. R.J. Sáenz-Hernández, G.M. Herrera-Pérez, J.S. Uribe-Chavira, M.C. Grijalva-Castillo, J.T. Elizalde-Galindo, J.A. Matutes-Aquino, Correlation between thickness and optical properties in nanocrystalline γ-monoclinic WO3 thin films. Coatings. 12(11), 1727 (2022)10.3390/coatings12111727 ↗
71. E.K. Salje, S. Rehmann, F. Pobell, D. Morris, K.S. Knight, T. Herrmannsdörfer, M.T. Dove, Crystal structure and paramagnetic behaviour of. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter. 9(31), 6563–6577 (1997)
72. Woodward, P.M., 1997. Octahedral tilting in perovskites. I. Geometrical considerations. Structural Science, 53(1), pp.32-43.
73. I. Shaibu, S. T. YA, Density functional theory analysis on the structural properties of cubic and monoclinic tungsten trioxide. Int. J. Sci. Global Sustain. 5 (2019)
74. L.A. Nagle-Cocco, S.E. Dutton, Van Vleck analysis of angularly distorted octahedra using VanVleckCalculator. Appl. Crystallogr. 57(1), 20–33 (2024)10.1107/S1600576723009925 ↗
75. K. Robinson, G.V. Gibbs, P.H. Ribbe, Quadratic elongation: a quantitative measure of distortion in coordination polyhedra. Science. 172(3983), 567–570 (1971)10.1126/science.172.3983.567 ↗
76. M.A. Awad, A.M. Rayan, I.A. Abdel-Latif, M.R. Ahmed, Temperature induced structural distortion and their effect on the physical properties of La0. 6Sr0. 4Mn0. 8Co0. 2O3 nanoparticles. Sci. Rep. 15(1), 29514 (2025)10.1038/s41598-025-14101-0 ↗
77. K.R. Locherer, I.P. Swainson, E.K.H. Salje, Phase transitions in tungsten trioxide at high temperatures-a new look. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter. 11(35), 6737–6756 (1999)
78. R. Diehl, E.K. Salje, The crystal structure of triclinic WO3. Struct. Sci. 34(4), 1105–1111 (1978)
79. S. Ramu, N. Lingaiah, B.P. Devi, R.B.N. Prasad, I. Suryanarayana, P.S. Prasad, Esterification of palmitic acid with methanol over tungsten oxide supported on zirconia solid acid catalysts: effect of method of preparation of the catalyst on its structural stability and reactivity. Appl. Catal. A 276(1–2), 163–168 (2004)10.1016/j.apcata.2004.08.002 ↗
80. dos V.C. Santos, K. Wilson, A.F. Lee, S. Nakagaki, Physicochemical properties of WOx/ZrO2 catalysts for palmitic acid esterification. Appl. Catal. B 162, 75–84 (2015)10.1016/j.apcatb.2014.06.036 ↗
81. D.B. Hernandez-Uresti, D. Sánchez-Martínez, A. Martínez-De La Cruz, S. Sepúlveda-Guzmán, L.M. Torres-Martínez, Characterization and photocatalytic properties of hexagonal and monoclinic WO3 prepared via microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis. Ceram. Int. 40(3), 4767–4775 (2014)10.1016/j.ceramint.2013.09.022 ↗
82. A. Väliheikki, K.C. Petallidou, C.M. Kalamaras, T. Kolli, M. Huuhtanen, T. Maunula, R.L. Keiski, A.M. Efstathiou, Selective catalytic reduction of NOx by hydrogen (H2-SCR) on WOx-promoted CezZr1-zO2 solids. Appl. Catal. B 156, 72–83 (2014)10.1016/j.apcatb.2014.03.008 ↗
83. Z.B. Xiong, J. Liu, F. Zhou, D.Y. Liu, W. Lu, J. Jin, S.F. Ding, Selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3 over iron-cerium-tungsten mixed oxide catalyst prepared by different methods. Appl. Surf. Sci. 406, 218–225 (2017)10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.02.157 ↗
84. S. Liu, P. Yao, M.M. Pei, Q.J. Lin, S.H. Xu, J.L. Wang, H.D. Xu, Y.Q. Chen, Significant differences of NH 3-SCR performances between monoclinic and hexagonal WO 3 on Ce-based catalysts. Environ. Science: Nano. 8(10), 2988–3000 (2021)
85. R. Yogamalar, R. Srinivasan, A. Vinu, K. Ariga, A.C. Bose, X-ray peak broadening analysis in ZnO nanoparticles. Solid State Commun. 149(43–44), 1919–1923 (2009)10.1016/j.ssc.2009.07.043 ↗
86. S. Sivasankaran, K. Sivaprasad, R. Narayanasamy, P.V. Satyanarayana, X-ray peak broadening analysis of AA 6061100– x– x wt.% Al2O3 nanocomposite prepared by mechanical alloying. Mater. Charact. 62(7), 661–672 (2011)10.1016/j.matchar.2011.04.017 ↗
87. K. Jayasankar, A. Pandey, B.K. Mishra, S. Das, Evaluation of microstructural parameters of nanocrystalline Y2O3 by X-ray diffraction peak broadening analysis. Mater. Chem. Phys. 171, 195–200 (2016)10.1016/j.matchemphys.2016.01.005 ↗
88. M. Shiraishi, M. Inagaki, X-ray diffraction methods to study crystallite size and lattice constants of carbon materials, Carbon Alloys, Elsevier, pp. 161–173 (2003)10.1016/B978-008044163-4/50010-3 ↗
89. M.A. Awad, A.M. Rayan, A.A. Azab, I.A. Abdel-Latif, M.R. Ahmed, Synthesis and characterization of La0. 6Sr0. 4Mn0. 8Co0. 2O3 nanoparticles. Sohag J. Sci. 10(3), 331–336 (2025)
90. A.M. Rayan, M.M. Ahmed, H.A.A. Saadallah, A.A. Azab, K. Roumaih, A.A. Hakeem, Structure and physical property correlation in magnesium doped LaFeO3 nano perovskites synthesized by the green method. Sci. Rep. 16(1), 1331 (2026)10.1038/s41598-025-33081-9 ↗
91. V.D. Mote, Y.P. Purushotham, B.N. Dole, Williamson-Hall analysis in estimation of lattice strain in nanometer-sized ZnO particles. J. Theoretical Appl. Phys. 6(1), 6 (2012)10.1186/2251-7235-6-6 ↗
92. B. Himabindu, N.L. Devi, B.R. Kanth, 2021. Microstructural parameters from X-ray peak profile analysis by Williamson-Hall models. A review. Materials Today:Proceedings, 47, 4891-489610.1016/j.matpr.2021.06.256 ↗
93. A.K. Zak, W.A. Majid, M.E. Abrishami, R. Yousefi, X-ray analysis of ZnO nanoparticles by Williamson–Hall and size–strain plot methods. Solid State Sci. 13(1), 251–256 (2011)10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2010.11.024 ↗
94. K. Venkateswarlu, A.C. Bose, N. Rameshbabu, X-ray peak broadening studies of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite by Williamson–Hall analysis. Phys. B: Condens. Matter. 405(20), 4256–4261 (2010)10.1016/j.physb.2010.07.020 ↗
95. A.A. Alsimaree, A.M. Rayan, A.M. Almohyawi, M.A. Hassan, M.R. Ahmed, A. Timoumi, S.A. Ahmed, Unveiling the hidden nature of monoclinic θ-Alumina: a multifaceted exploration of structure, morphology, and defects, Ceram. Int. (2025)10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.05.363 ↗
96. B.S. Matlock, D.J. Snoha, S.M. Grendahl, Using XRD elastic and plastic strain data to evaluate the effectiveness of different cold-working techniques in aerospace materials. Powder Diffr. 24(S1), S51–S58 (2009)10.1154/1.3133148 ↗
97. A.C. Vermeulen, The sensitivity of focusing, parallel beam and mixed optics to alignment errors in XRD residual stress measurements. Mater. Sci. Forum Trans. Tech. Publ, 131–136 (2005)10.4028/0-87849-969-5.131 ↗
98. R.M. Chrenko, 1976. X-ray residual stress measurements using parallel beam optics. Adv. X-ray Analysis, 20, 393–402
99. G. Geandier, P. Adenis, S. Selezneff, Q. Pujol d’Andredo, B. Malard, Strains and Stresses in Multilayered Materials Determined Using High-Energy X-ray Diffraction. Metals. 14(6), 637 (2024)10.3390/met14060637 ↗
100. A.L. Patterson, The Scherrer formula for X-ray particle size determination. Phys. Rev. 56(10), 978 (1939)10.1103/PhysRev.56.978 ↗