journal article·2021-02-01Open access

Improved control of atomic layering in perovskite-related homologous series

Matthew R. Barone, Natalie M. Dawley, Hari P. Nair, Berit H. Goodge, Megan E. Holtz, Arsen Soukiassian, Erin E. Fleck, Kiyoung Lee, Yunfa Jia, Tassilo Heeg, Refael Gatt, Yuefeng Nie, David A. Muller, Lena F. Kourkoutis, Darrell G. Schlom

APL Materials· Volume 9· Issue 2

Abstract

Homologous series are layered phases that can have a range of stoichiometries depending on an index n. Examples of perovskite-related homologous series include (ABO3)nAO Ruddlesden–Popper phases and (Bi2O2) (An−1BnO3n+1) Aurivillius phases. It is challenging to precisely control n because other members of the homologous series have similar stoichiometry and a phase with the desired n is degenerate in energy with syntactic intergrowths among similar n values; this challenge is amplified as n increases. To improve the ability to synthesize a targeted phase with precise control of the atomic layering, we apply the x-ray diffraction (XRD) approach developed for superlattices of III–V semiconductors to measure minute deviations from the ideal structure so that they can be quantitatively eradicated in subsequent films. We demonstrate the precision of this approach by improving the growth of known Ruddlesden–Popper phases and ultimately, by synthesizing an unprecedented n = 20 Ruddlesden–Popper phase, (ATiO3)20AO where the A-site occupancy is Ba0.6Sr0.4. We demonstrate the generality of this method by applying it to Aurivillius phases and the Bi2Sr2Can–1CunO2n+4 series of high-temperature superconducting phases.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Electronic and Structural Properties of Oxides · Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materials · Advanced Condensed Matter Physics

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University 1 , Ithaca, New York 14853, USA

School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University 2 , Ithaca, New York 14853, USA

Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science 3 , Ithaca, New York 14853, USA

Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Samsung Electronics 4 , 130 Samsung-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 16678, South Korea

Heeg Vacuum Engineering 5 , Kerpen, Germany

Quantum Designed Materials Ltd. 6 , Rehovot, Israel

National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University 7 , Nanjing, China

Leibniz-Institut für Kristallzüchtung 8 , Max-Born-Str. 2, Berlin 12489, Germany

Funding

National Science Foundation · U.S. Department of Energy · U.S. Air Force · National Nanotechnology Coordinating Office

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