The Zakharov–Kuznetsov equation for weakly nonlinear dust-acoustic waves in a magnetized nonthermal plasma with opposite polarity dust

The propagation properties and instability of dust-acoustic solitary waves (DASWs) are investigated in a dusty plasma consisting of inertial dust species of both positive and negative charge, non-inertial ions following Maxwellian distribution, and non-inertial nonthermal electrons obeying q-distribution. An ambient field along the z-direction is taken into account. The Zakharov–Kuznetsov equation is obtained for DASWs by adopting the reductive perturbation technique, and the basic features of DASWs are examined on the basis of different plasma intrinsic parameters. The instability of DASWs via the long wavelength perturbation expansion approach is analyzed, and the effect of plasma parameters (e.g., the direction cosines, the obliquity angle, the magnetic field, etc.) on the instability criteria as well as on the growth rate of DASWs is also discussed. The results of this investigation may be helpful in better understanding the underlying physics of low frequency localized electrostatic structures that may form in nonthermal plasmas considering electrons following a q nonextensive distribution.