journal article·2025-01-01Open access

Noether symmetry of multi-delay Birkhoffian system and its conserved quantity

Xin-Yu Du, Xiang-Hua Zhai

AIP Advances· Volume 15· Issue 1

Abstract

The Birkhoffian system, an important mechanical system in analytical mechanics, is studied in the background of multiple time delays. Both the multi-delay Birkhoffian system and the Hamiltonian system are investigated. First, the more general framework is discussed. The Pfaff–Birkhoff action is presented with multiple time delays. The multi-delay differential equations of motion are derived for both Birkhoffian and Hamiltonian models. Second, the invariance and two different kinds of Noether symmetries of the multi-delay Pfaff action are studied. Third, due to the effects of different time delays, the corresponding Noether-type theorems of multi-delay Birkhoffian systems are obtained. Two examples are presented to demonstrate the applications of the results.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Numerical methods for differential equations · Nonlinear Dynamics and Pattern Formation · Nonlinear Photonic Systems

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

School of Mathematical Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology 1 , Suzhou 215009,

College of Civil Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology 2 , Suzhou 215011,

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China

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