Synthesis of polyethylene glycol gel-modified gold nanoparticles for targeted tumor therapy and correlation with the physiological environment

In the field of biomedical research, nanotechnology is a cutting-edge area of study that holds immense promise for the treatment of tumors. In this paper, Sgc8 nucleic acid aptamer-mediated gold nanoparticles of different diameters are used to investigate the treatment methods for leukemia patients. Targeted and polyethylene glycol (PEG) gel functional modifications were employed to achieve the desired binding analysis of both positive and negative human acute lymphatic leukemia cells (CCRF-CEM) and Ramos cells. In addition, the targeting capabilities of Sgc8 nucleic acid aptamer-mediated gold nanoparticles have been tested under physiological conditions, including serum. The results indicate that the addition of PEG gel-modified Sgc8 nucleic acid aptamers significantly reduces the adsorption of nanoparticles to non-specific biomolecules, as compared to the control random sequence. The characterization results using a dynamic light scattering particle size analyzer, UV spectrophotometer, and transmission electron microscope all converge to prove consistent particle size, with gold nanoparticles evenly dispersed without agglomeration. The emergence of new targeted tumor nanomaterials has underscored the ease with which gel functionalization can be realized, along with their exceptional chemical stability, providing a valuable reference for future clinical research.