Simulation of a multistage depressed collector with secondary electron emission for a MW-class gyrotron at 170 GHz

This paper presents the simulation results of a multistage depressed collector for a MW-class gyrotron. The energy distribution of spent electrons is obtained by a beam–wave interaction code. By increasing the number of depressed electrodes, the maximum collection efficiency can be increased to 81% with a low percentage of backstreaming 0.04% with regard to a four-stage depressed collector. By considering the secondary electron emission, the effects of different kinds of secondary electrons are simulated in the CST software, which is developed by Computer Simulation Technology Company in Germany. In order to reduce bad effects of secondary electrons, the structure of the fourth depressed electrode has been adjusted to form a slope. The axial length and slant angle of the slope have been optimized. The results indicate that the collection efficiency can exceed 70% and the percentage of backstreaming is less than 1%. Besides, in view of the limited power capacity of the collector wall, a magnetic field sweeping system has been introduced. The maximum power density is reduced to 392 W/cm2, and the deposited length of the electron beam trajectory is 470 mm.