Neutral beam driven ion cyclotron instability of lower hybrid wave in a tokamak plasma

The effect of dust grains on the parametric coupling of neutral beam driven ion–cyclotron wave instability with a lower hybrid pump wave is studied. A high amplitude lower hybrid pump, which is launched into a tokamak for heating purposes in the presence of neutral beam driven ion-cyclotron waves, can excite the parametric coupling involving two lower hybrid sidebands. In a tokamak, the lower hybrid waves result in parametric excitation of the ion-cyclotron mode and quasi-modes near the edge when the electron oscillatory velocity is greater than the sound velocity. This parametric coupling increases the growth rate of instability when the lower sideband wave is resonant. Moreover, the presence of dust grains in the tokamak plasma, their radius, and the number density significantly affect the growth rate of the instability, which in turn can affect the advanced stage operations of a tokamak. The growth rate of parametric instability scales with the amplitude of the pump wave. The growth rate is found to be linearly increased with the dust grain density, but it decreased with increasing size of dust grains, which means large sized dust grains stabilize the instability. The theoretical results explained in the present paper are very helpful in explaining the complexity in the plasma properties of a tokamak due to the dust–plasma interactions, which can diminish the performance of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor due to potential safety issues.