Heating based model analysis for explosive emission initiation at metal cathodes
Source abstract
Abstract
This contribution presents a model analysis for the initiation of explosive emission; a phenomena that is observed at cathode surfaces under high current densities. Here, localized heating is quantitatively evaluated on ultrashort time scales as a potential mechanism that initiates explosive emission, based on a two-temperature, relaxation time model. Our calculations demonstrate a strong production of nonequilibrium phonons, ultimately leading to localized melting. Temperatures are predicted to reach the cathode melting point over nanosecond times within the first few monolayers of the protrusion. This result is in keeping with the temporal scales observed experimentally for the initiation of explosive emission.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Thermal properties of materials · Graphene research and applications · Carbon Nanotubes in Composites
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Old Dominion University 1 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, , Norfolk, VA 23529, U.S.A.
Texas Tech University 2 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, , Lubbock, TX 79409, U.S.A.
Funding
Office of Naval Research · Air Force Office of Scientific Research
References (43)
Show source-provided references
1. Benford · 200710.1201/9781420012064 ↗
2. Barker · 200110.1109/9780470544877 ↗
3. IEEE Trans Plasma Sci. · 1992 · 20 · 33210.1109/27.142834 ↗
4. Physica C · 2006 · 441 · 2110.1016/j.physc.2006.03.052 ↗
5. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Part 1: Regular Papers and Short Notes and Review Papers · 2001 · 40 · 540710.1143/JJAP.40.5407 ↗
6. International Journal of Modern Physics B · 2009 · 23 · 171310.1142/S0217979209061512 ↗
7. Laser Part. Beams · 2012 · 30 · 3910.1017/S0263034611000668 ↗
8. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B · 2012 · 30 · 06080110.1116/1.4747705 ↗
9. Rev. Sci. Instrum. · 2012 · 83 · 02B31210.1063/1.3672437 ↗
10. JETP Lett. · 1993 · 7 · 95
11. Herald of the Russian Academy of Sciences · 2014 · 84 · 24210.1134/S1019331614040017 ↗
12. Rev. Sci. Instrum. · 1995 · 66 · 252810.1063/1.1146504 ↗
13. Journ. Appl. Phys. · 1998 · 84 · 388010.1063/1.368567 ↗
14. Surf. Sci. · 1992 · 266 · 12610.1016/0039-6028(92)91008-Y ↗
15. Zh. Tech. Fiz. (In Russian) · 1975 · 45 · 2126
16. Phys. Rev. · 1968 · 166 · 75710.1103/PhysRev.166.757 ↗
17. Journ. Appl. Phys. · 2003 · 93 · 79310.1063/1.1524305 ↗
18. Nano Letters · 2005 · 5 · 111110.1021/nl0506498 ↗
19. Applied Surface Science · 2003 · 215 · 28610.1016/S0169-4332(03)00298-8 ↗
20. 2008
21. Journal of Applied Physics · 2012 · 112 · 10330210.1063/1.4764344 ↗
22. 1962
23. Electric field distribution on knife-edge field emitters10.1063/1.2771375 ↗
24. Analysis of cathode emission phenomena: Effects of barrier thinning, field enhancements and local heating
25. Semiconductor Science and Technology · 2015 · 30 · 10503810.1088/0268-1242/30/10/105038 ↗
26. Phys. Rev. · 1955 · 97 · 25510.1103/PhysRev.97.255 ↗
27. Journ. Appl. Phys. · 1959 · 30 · 146610.1063/1.1735372 ↗
28. Sov. Phys. JETP · 1957 · 4 · 173
29. Sov. Phys. Tech. Phys. · 1967 · 11 · 945
30. Journ. Exp. Theor. Phys. · 1974 · 39 · 375
31. Journ. Appl. Phys. · 2015 · 117 · 04430510.1063/1.4906553 ↗
32. Ultrasonic attenuation in metals10.1080/14786441008521122 ↗
33. Phys. Rev. B · 1985 · 31 · 2575
34. 1960
35. J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data · 1979 · 8 · 114710.1063/1.555614 ↗
36. Ann. Phys. · 1933 · 16 · 53010.1002/andp.19334080504 ↗
37. Z. Phys. · 1930 · 59 · 20810.1007/BF01341426 ↗
38. Phys. Rev. · 1971 · 3 · 121510.1103/PhysRevB.3.1215 ↗
39. Phys. Rev. · 1969 · 181 · 53010.1103/PhysRev.181.530 ↗
40. Journ. Appl. Phys. · 2000 · 88 · 26510.1063/1.373651 ↗
41. APL Materials · 2014 · 2 · 01211310.1063/1.4861796 ↗
42. Phys. Rev. · 1956 · 102 · 61810.1103/PhysRev.102.618 ↗
43. Physical Review Special Topics – Accelerators and Beams