Simulation study on modeling of vacuum arc characteristics and anode temperature rise in low-frequency vacuum interruption

Low-frequency transmission technology has been widely used in medium- and long-distance electricity transmission scenarios such as offshore wind power transmission due to its advantages of low cost and strong ability to pool renewable energy. The vacuum circuit breaker is of great significance to ensure the safe and stable operation of low frequency transmission systems, but the arc burning time of the vacuum circuit breaker is longer under low frequency conditions, and its vacuum arc characteristics have not been clarified. Therefore, in this paper, to study the characteristics of the arc in the low-frequency vacuum breaking process, as well as the anode temperature rise process, a two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic model and anode temperature rise model were established, and the plasma-related characteristics, current density distribution, energy flow density, and the anode temperature distribution and melting situation were studied. The results of this study can provide theoretical basis and technical support for the development of vacuum circuit breakers applicable to low frequency.