Exploring electrospun Nafion nanofibers: Bibliographic insights, emerging possibilities, and diverse applications
Source abstract
Abstract
Over the past several decades, there has been a significant surge in interest regarding the use of organic–inorganic hybrid polymers and nanocomposite membranes. The reasons for this are improved attributes, reduced costs, and the additional stability the influence membrane provides. This Review outlines the various techniques and methodologies used to prepare Nafion and its composites, delineating the promising benefits of the electrospinning process. Electrospinning has emerged as a versatile and promising technique for fabricating nanofibers with unique properties and wide-ranging applications. This study explores the electrospinning of Nafion, a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer widely known for its exceptional proton conductivity and chemical stability, into nanofibrous structures, unlocking new possibilities yet unknown features of its inherent properties. The morphology and chemical structure of the resulting nanofibers is analyzed. A thorough bibliographic analysis of electrospun Nafion was presented using the PRISMA approach for methodically presenting the report. Network visualization of connected authors and categorizing application-specific publications are also discussed. Moreover, the electrospinning parameters and blends are systematically investigated to optimize the production of Nafion nanofibers for various applications in fuel cells, water treatment, actuators, sensors, and energy harvesting. The challenges involved in electrospinning Nafion, Nafion nanocomposites, and their variants are also presented, with a discussion delineating the future scope. This work concludes by emphasizing the interdisciplinary character of the Nafion polymer and its composites, connecting materials science and the intricate issues presented by various sectors.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Fuel Cells and Related Materials · Conducting polymers and applications · Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT-AP University 1 , Amaravati 522237, India
Department of Engineering Technology, Fairmont State University 2 , Fairmont, West Virginia 26554, USA
Department of Biosciences, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences 3 , Chennai, India
Gazi University Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering 4 , Ankara, Türkiye
Department of Machining, Assembly and Engineering Metrology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VSB—Technical University of Ostrava 5 , 70800 Ostrava, Czech Republic
Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University 6 , P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlin 7 , třída Tomáše Bati 5678, 76001 Zlin, Czech Republic
Funding
King Saud University
References (100+)
Show source-provided references
1. Net zero by 2050, A roadmap for the global energy sector, https://www.iea.org/reports/net-zero-by-2050.
2. The role of renewable energy in the global energy transformation10.1016/j.esr.2019.01.006 ↗
3. Global water mapping, requirements, and concerns over water quality shortages
4. Polymer Water Treatment: How coagulants and flocculants clean wastewater, https://clearwaterind.com/polymer-water-treatment-how-coagulants-and-flocculants-clean-wastewater/.
5. Brief review of history and components of MEMS and current and future MEMS applications 6: 2120–2124
6. Smart and multifunctional materials based on electroactive poly(vinylidene fluoride): Recent advances and opportunities in sensors, actuators, energy, environmental, and biomedical applications10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00196 ↗
7. Ion transport and clustering in nafion perfluorinated membranes10.1016/s0376-7388(00)81563-x ↗
8. Fabrication, properties, and performance of polymer nanocomposite ion exchange membranes for fuel cell applications: A review10.11113/amst.v26n1.230 ↗
9. Nafion-based low-hydration polyelectrolyte multilayer membranes for enhanced water purification10.1021/acsapm.9b00689 ↗
10. Energy harvesting of ionic polymer-metal composites based on microcellular foamed nafion in aqueous environment10.3390/act9030071 ↗
11. Membranes for flow batteries10.1002/9783527832767 ↗
12. Enhancement of proton conductivity of polymer electrolyte membrane enabled by sulfonated nanotubes10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.10.145 ↗
13. [Nafion/(WO3)x] hybrid membranes for vanadium redox flow batteries10.1016/j.ssi.2018.01.038 ↗
14. Impact of polyvinylidene fluoride on nanofiber cathode structure and durability in proton exchange membrane fuel cells10.1149/1945-7111/ab77fb ↗
15. Potential of polyurethane functionalized electrospun nanofiber membrane as self-cleaning water filter10.1007/s13369-023-08230-9 ↗
16. Electrospun polymer fibers for electronic applications10.3390/ma7020906 ↗
17. Multifunctional membranes—A versatile approach for emerging pollutants removal10.3390/membranes12010067 ↗
18. Nanostructured conducting polymers for energy applications: Towards a sustainable platform10.1039/c5nr08803h ↗
19. Electric response and conductivity mechanism of blended polyvinylidene fluoride/nafion electrospun nanofibers10.1021/jacs.9b09061 ↗
20. Structural analyses of blended nafion/PVDF electrospun nanofibers10.1039/c9cp01891c ↗
21. State of understanding of nafion10.1002/chin.200450273 ↗
22. Search for a Grotthuss mechanism through the observation of proton transfer10.1038/s42004-023-00878-6 ↗
23. Nanostructures and viscosities of Nafion dispersions in water/ethanol from dilute to concentrated regimes10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02314 ↗
24. Stress-strain curves of nafion membranes in acid and salt forms10.1590/s0104-14282002000200008 ↗
25. Characterisation of hydration water in Nafion membrane10.1039/d1ra00791b ↗
26. Density and solubility of nafion: Recast, annealed, and commercial films10.1021/ac960604e ↗
27. New insights into perfluorinated sulfonic-acid ionomers10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00159 ↗
28. Dielectric properties of polymer electrolyte membranes measured by two-port transmission line technique10.1149/1.3502448 ↗
29. The microwave region of the dielectric spectrum of hydrated Nafion and other sulfonated membranes
30. A critical review on the use of ionic liquids in proton exchange membrane fuel cells10.3390/membranes12020178 ↗
31. Cation exchange membranes and process optimizations in electrodialysis for selective metal separation: A review10.3390/membranes13060566 ↗
32. Synthesis and characterization of nanomaterials for application in cost-effective electrochemical devices10.3390/su151410891 ↗
33. Advanced Nafion nanocomposite membrane embedded with unzipped and functionalized graphite nanofibers for high-temperature hydrogen-air fuel cell system: The impact of filler on power density, chemical durability and hydrogen permeability of membrane10.1016/j.compositesb.2021.108828 ↗
34. Recent progress on nanomaterial-based membranes for water treatment10.3390/membranes11120995 ↗
35. Influence of non-woven antistatic substrate materials on polyvinylidene fluoride electrospun nanofibers: Fabrication, characterization, and performance evaluation10.1007/s13726-024-01312-x ↗
36. Nanostructured materials for applications in drug delivery and tissue engineering10.3390/membranes11120995[ ↗
37. A review on thin films, conducting polymers as sensor devices10.1088/2053-1591/ac4aa1 ↗
38. A review of nanostructured ion-exchange membranes10.1002/admt.202001171 ↗
39. 2022 · 1
40. 2022 · 1
41. A comprehensive study of spin coating as a thin film deposition technique and spin coating equipment10.12989/amr.2013.2.4.181 ↗
42. Study of thin nafion® films for fuel cells using energy variable slow positron annihilation spectroscopy10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.733.57 ↗
43. Morphological and thickness characterization of spin coated nafion thin films on glass substrate
44. Impact of substrate and processing on confinement of nafion thin films10.1002/adfm.201304311 ↗
45. Interfacial structure and proton conductivity of nafion at the Pt-deposited surface10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b02623 ↗
46. Lithographic processes for the scalable fabrication of micro-and nanostructures for biochips and biosensors10.1021/acssensors.0c02704 ↗
47. Introduction10.1007/978-1-4613-0885-0_1 ↗
48. MEMS inductor fabrication and emerging applications in power electronics and neurotechnologies10.1038/s41378-021-00275-w ↗
49. Polymers in conventional and alternative lithography for the fabrication of nanostructures10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2011.07.025 ↗
50. Promising lithography techniques for next-generation logic devices10.1007/s41871-018-0016-9 ↗
51. Fabrication of micro- and nanopatterned nafion thin films with tunable mechanical and electrical properties using thermal evaporation-induced capillary force lithography10.1002/admi.202002005 ↗
52. Effects of hot pressing conditions on the performance of Nafion membranes coated by ink-jet printing of Pt/MWCNTs electrocatalyst for PEMFCs10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.04.139 ↗
53. Effects of Nafion impregnation using inkjet printing for membrane electrode assemblies in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells10.1016/j.electacta.2014.02.133 ↗
54. Low loading inkjet printed bifunctional electrodes for proton exchange membrane unitized regenerative fuel cells10.1016/j.jpowsour.2023.233448 ↗
55. S. T. Shukla , “Experimental analysis of inkjet printed polymer electrolyte fuel cell electrodes,” Ph.D. thesis (University of Alberta, 2016).
56. Solution-cast Nafion® ionomer membranes: Preparation and characterization10.1016/j.electacta.2004.02.035 ↗
57. Investigation of solvent–solute interactions and film properties of perfluorinated sulfonic acid (PFSA) ionomers10.1007/s13726-016-0448-2 ↗
58. A state-of-art on the development of nafion-based membrane for performance improvement in direct methanol fuel cells10.3390/membranes12050506 ↗
59. Layer-by-layer self-assembly coating for multi-functionalized fabrics: A scientometric analysis in CiteSpace (2005–2021)10.3390/molecules27196767 ↗
60. Stability of layer-by-layer nanofiltration membranes in highly saline streams10.1016/j.desal.2023.116520 ↗
61. Layer-by-layer (LbL) method
62. Layer by layer antimicrobial coatings based on nafion, lysozyme, and chitosan10.3390/nano9111563 ↗
63. Nafion-based layer-by-layer coatings with antimicrobial activity10.3390/IOCN2023-14471 ↗
64. Wettability studies of layer-by-layer films of Nafion/Polyethylenemine/SiO2 nanoparticles10.1007/s10965-023-03719-1 ↗
65. Electrospun composite nanofibers and their multifaceted applications10.1039/C2JM30966A ↗
66. Nanofibers: Effective generation by electrospinning and their applications10.1166/jnn.2012.5111 ↗
67. Electrospun polyurethane nanofibers coated with polyaniline/polyvinyl alcohol as ultrafiltration membranes for the removal of ethinylestradiol hormone micropollutant from aqueous phase10.1016/j.jece.2022.107811 ↗
68. The adsorption, kinetics, and interaction mechanisms of various types of estrogen on electrospun polymeric nanofiber membranes10.1088/1361-6528/ac357b ↗
69. Advances in electrospun nanofibrous membrane sensors for ion detection10.1039/d2ra04911b ↗
70. Enhanced PVDF electrospun nanofiber capacitive pressure sensor for wearable electronic
71. A coupled piezo-triboelectric nanogenerator based on the electrification of biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate food packaging films10.1016/j.nanoen.2023.108986 ↗
72. Optical properties of electrospun nanofiber mats10.3390/membranes13040441 ↗
73. Electrospun nanofiber-based soft electronics10.1038/s41427-020-00267-8 ↗
74. Electrospun nanofibers in protective clothing10.1016/B978-0-08-100907-9.00021-0 ↗
75. Electrospun hybrid nanofibers: Fabrication, characterization, and biomedical applications10.3389/fbioe.2022.986975 ↗
76. Web of science (WoS) and scopus: The titans of bibliographic information in today’s academic world10.3390/publications9010012 ↗
77. Recent advances in developing electrochemical (bio)sensing assays by applying natural polymer-based electrospun nanofibers: A comprehensive review10.1016/j.microc.2023.109799 ↗
78. Fabrication and characterization of ionic conducting nanofibers10.1002/mame.200700200 ↗
79. 2005 · W07
80. Nafion® nanofibers and their effect on polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell performance10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.10.039 ↗
81. Super proton conductive high-purity nafion nanofibers10.1021/nl102581w ↗
82. High-performance ionic polymer-metal composite actuators based on nafion/conducting nanoparticulate electrospun webs10.7317/pk.2012.36.4.434 ↗
83. Investigation of ionomer structure through its dependence on ion exchange capacity (IEC)10.1016/j.memsci.2011.10.041 ↗
84. Approaches to the modification of perfluorosulfonic acid membranes10.3390/membranes13080721 ↗
85. Electrospun nanofibre composite polymer electrolyte fuel cell and electrolysis membranes10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.06.027 ↗
86. Electrospun Nafion/PVDF single-fiber blended membranes for regenerative H2/Br2 fuel cells10.1016/j.memsci.2017.06.086 ↗
87. Production of poly(vinyl alcohol)/Nafion® nanofibers and their stability assessment for the use in direct methanol fuel cells10.1177/1528083719844611 ↗
88. Morphological control of electrospun nafion nanofiber mats10.1149/1.3561645 ↗
89. Nafion reinforced with polyacrylonitrile nanofibers/zirconium-graphene oxide composite membrane for direct methanol fuel cell application10.1007/s10965-021-02854-x ↗
90. Synthesis and characterization of Nafion/cross-linked PVP semi-interpenetrating polymer network membrane for direct methanol fuel cell10.1016/j.memsci.2010.02.038 ↗
91. Cellulose monoacetate/Nafion (CMA/N) hybrid nanofibers as interface for electrochemical DNA biosensors10.32710/tekstilvekonfeksiyon.501435 ↗
92. Characterization of electrospun nafion-poly acrylic acid membranes, breakthroughs in high water uptake membranes
93. Fabrication of shape memory nanofibers by electrospinning method10.1117/12.2009656 ↗
94. High production rate of high purity, high fidelity nafion nanofibers via needleless electrospinning10.1021/acsapm.9b00681 ↗
95. Electrospun nafion®/polyphenylsulfone composite membranes for regenerative hydrogen bromine fuel cells10.3390/ma9030143 ↗
96. Interaction of polyvinyl alcohol with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide surfactant and its effect on electrochemical property10.1016/j.matpr.2022.08.430 ↗
97. Nafion nanofiber composite membrane fabrication for fuel cell applications10.5281/zenodo.1092369 ↗
98. Emerging trends in membrane-based wastewater treatment: Electrospun nanofibers and reticular porous adsorbents as key components10.1039/d3ew00119a ↗
99. Glassy carbon electrodes modified with ordered mesoporous silica for the electrochemical detection of cadmium ions10.1021/acsomega.8b03305 ↗
100. Ionic liquid nafion nanofiber mats composites for high speed ionic polymer actuators10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.334-335.1001 ↗