journal article·2026-01-01Open access

Evaluation of reinforced Ni–W–Mo ternary alloy coatings on copper substrates

Cheng-Tang Pan, Ming-Cheng Lin, Yin-Chiung Chang, Shih-Wei Mao, Chien-Hung Lin

AIP Advances· Volume 16· Issue 1

Abstract

In this study, the structure and mechanical and corrosion properties of Ni–W–Mo alloys in a brine solution were investigated. For this purpose, Ni–W–Mo ternary coating layers were electroplated onto Cu substrates under a pulsed current with different densities (i = 2–12 A/dm2). According to the EDS results, the W content in the ternary alloy coatings increased from 12 to 28 wt. % with increasing current density, whereas the Mo content decreased from 21 to 11 wt. %. The corrosion behavior of the Ni–W–Mo ternary coatings in a brine solution (3.5 wt. % NaCl with 0.1M H2SO4) was investigated by recording dynamic polarization curves. The Icorr values of the Cu substrate and electroplated Ni–W–Mo coating (i = 12 A/dm2) were 7.5 × 10−5 and 2.5 × 10−6 A/cm2, respectively. Furthermore, nanoindentation and slow strain rate tests were performed to examine the mechanical properties of the prepared specimens. The ultimate tensile strengths of the Cu substrates with and without a Ni–W–Mo coating (i = 12 A/dm2) were 266 and 245 MPa, respectively. The higher tensile strength of the Ni–W–Mo coating was ascribed to the precipitation of the amorphous structure, and partially brittle behavior was observed for the Ni–W–Mo coating fracture surface after the slow strain rate test. The incorporation of Mo and W elements into the Ni-based coating significantly improved the corrosion and tensile resistances of the Cu substrate in the brine solution.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Electrodeposition and Electroless Coatings · Hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion behaviors in metals · Metal and Thin Film Mechanics

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University 1 , Kaohsiung 804,

College of Semiconductor and Advanced Technology Research, Institute of Advanced Semiconductor Packaging and Testing, National Sun Yat-sen University 2 , Kaohsiung 804,

Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University 3 , Kaohsiung 804,

National Applied Research Laboratories, Taiwan Instrument Research Institute 4 , Hsinchu City 300,

Department of Mechanical Engineering, R.O.C. Military Academy 5 , Kaohsiung 830,

Department of Health and Nutrition and Chemical Engineering, Army Academy 6 , Taoyuan City,

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lunghwa University of Science and Technology 7 , Taoyuan City 333,

Department of Physics, R.O.C. Military Academy 8 , 1 Wei-Wu Rd., Kaohsiung 830,

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