Impacts of instability and non-Newtonian rheology of Carreau fluid flow employing multiple overlapping stenoses

The Carreau flow model for transient transport is applied in multiple overlapping arteries with various stenosis instances to investigate the flow phenomena when the pulsatile nature of the non-Newtonian blood flow regime in the three-dimensional space domain is selected. Partial differential equations are derived from the problem’s governing equations. To obtain the numerical solutions, the finite element discretization approach is applied subject to appropriate boundary constraints. When performing numerical calculations, many hemodynamic parameters, such as Reynolds number, shear rate, and Nusselt number, are assessed using various severities (start, middle, and end) of stenosis and stenosis lengths. At the center of the elliptical stenosis, the velocity has a maximum value of 0.38 m/s, whereas, at the start of the elliptical stenosis, the pressure has a maximum value of 31900 Pa. Constriction significantly reduces flow, increasing wall movement and creating stress based on the degree of stenosis. Findings have been displayed in relation to radial velocity, contour pressure, and surface temperature. Blood flow modeling studies using overlapping stenosis may help in the identification and management of vascular disease, as well as advance our understanding of cardiovascular physiology and spearhead the creation of ground-breaking medical treatments to improve patient outcomes.