Multi-target microwave energy focusing optimization method based on genetic algorithm

Aiming at the application requirements of multi-target microwave energy transmission, this paper proposes a multi-target microwave energy focusing method based on the genetic algorithm. This method optimizes the feeding phase first and then optimizes the feeding amplitude. By optimizing the feeding phase, the microwaves radiated by the antenna array unit tend to be superimposed in phase at each target point; furthermore, the energy distribution on the focal plane is optimized by optimizing the feeding amplitude. Two-target and three-target focusing methods are taken as examples to conduct microwave energy focusing simulation research. The results show that by using optimized-phase optimized-amplitude feeding, the total electric field strength at the two target points and the three target points is increased by 13% and 8.7%, respectively, compared with the optimized-phase constant-amplitude feeding. A 6 × 6 microstrip antenna array working at 5.8 GHz is designed to conduct two-target and three-target microwave energy focusing experiments. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the multi-target focusing method proposed in this paper.