Analysis of activation energy, chemical reaction, and variable density on magnetically driven heat transportation: Applications in nanofluid lubrication and machining

The importance of this investigation is to examine the heat and mass transportation of magneto nanofluid movement along a heated sheet with exponential temperature-dependent density, entropy optimization, thermal buoyancy, activation energy, and chemical reaction aspects. The influence of these factors in cutting tools by means of machining and nanofluid lubrication is a significant process in cutting zone, chip cleaning, lubricating, and cooling productivity in milling. The corresponding energy activation and chemical process are essential to understand the thermal behavior of nanofluid. The appropriate transformations are used to solve nonlinear partial differential equations within the framework of ordinary differential equations using stream functions and similarity variables. The Keller box method is employed to efficiently solve these equations computationally under the Newton–Raphson approach. Through tables and figures, the fluid velocity, temperature distribution, and concentration consequences are sketched using various controlling parameters. It is seen that the fluid temperature function increases with noticeable amplitude as the Eckert factor, variable density, chemical-reaction, and activation energy increase. It is found that the noticeable enhancement in heat and mass transportation is deduced for maximum Brownian motion and thermophoresis. This work is important in various applications such as cutting fluids, drilling, brake oil, engine oil, minimum quantity lubrication, enhanced oil recovery, and controlled friction between the tool-chip and tool-work during machining operations.