Streamline topologies and their bifurcations for mixed convective peristaltic flow

In this work our focus is on streamlines patterns and their bifurcations for mixed convective peristaltic flow of Newtonian fluid with heat transfer. The flow is considered in a two dimensional symmetric channel and the governing equations are simplified under widely taken assumptions of large wavelength and low Reynolds number in a wave frame of reference. In order to study the streamlines patterns, a system of nonlinear autonomous differential equations are established and dynamical systems approach is used to discuss the local bifurcations and their topological changes. We have discussed all types of bifurcations and their topological changes are presented graphically. We found that the vortices contract along the vertical direction whereas they expand along horizontal direction. A global bifurcations diagram is used to summarize the bifurcations. The trapping and backward flow regions are mainly affected by increasing Grashof number and constant heat source parameter in such a way that trapping region increases whereas backward flow region shrinks.