Geometrical and physical conditions for skyrmion stability in a nanowire

Skyrmions are promising information carriers in the next-generation storage and transmission devices. Appropriate design of the nanowire that permits the flow of skyrmions is, however, seldom studied. In this work, the geometrical and material parameters have been varied to investigate the favorable conditions for skyrmion formation and stability in a nanowire through micromagnetic simulations. It is found that the minimum planar dimensions have to be satisfied in order to stabilize a skyrmion. Furthermore, the nanowire thickness is also important for establishing a skyrmion. The temperature effect in the competition between the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) and the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) limits the skyrmion formation in a well-defined phase. On the other hand, fine tuning of the exchange stiffness and the Gilbert damping constant sustain a specified portion of the phase diagram that allows for skyrmion formation. Our study also indicates that the stabilized magnetization pattern is dependent on the initial skyrmion state. These results shed light on the possible configurations that are suitable for the design of skyrmionic devices.