Fluid simulation on effect of background magnetic field on plasma characteristics in a Hall thruster

Herein, the effect of the background magnetic field on plasma characteristics in a Hall thruster is numerically investigated using DUT-HTFS [Li et al., AIP Adv. 12, 015117 (2022)], an integrated fluid simulation platform on Hall thruster plasmas. The research shows that the background magnetic field significantly influences the distribution of the plasma density, especially the radial profiles of the plasma density near the ionization region and the acceleration region. In addition, the positions of the peak values of the electron power absorptions mainly occur near the dielectric walls of the exhaust plane, and the electron power absorption mechanism is mainly dominated by the Ohmic heating. The peak values of the axial electron current density on the inner and outer dielectric walls are higher than that on the centerline. This phenomenon is closely related to the near wall conduction mechanism of the electrons. In addition, the background magnetic field significantly influences the shapes, positions, and magnitudes of the peak values of the plasma parameters, such as the plasma density, the electron current density, the axial electric field, the electric potential, and the ionization rate. These results will help us to provide a valuable reference and reduce the risk for the experimental test programs and the applications of Hall thrusters in the future.