Electrohydrodynamic behavior of droplets on the surface of epoxy resin under electric field

Epoxy resins are susceptible to condensation in high humidity environments, leading to flashover discharges that compromise their insulation properties. Hence, investigating the electrohydrodynamic behaviors of droplets on epoxy resin surfaces is crucial for understanding and mitigating such phenomena. By analyzing the droplet dynamics through experiments, this study thoroughly explores the spreading and migration characteristics of droplets under the influence of varying AC voltages. Simulation and numerical models are developed to depict droplet motion and force dynamics, integrating principles of hydrodynamics and electrodynamics. The findings reveal that droplets spread in the direction of the electric field, with the extent of spreading increasing with the increase in voltage. This spreading is influenced by various factors, including the droplet’s position, volume, and surface tension. Primarily, the electric field at the droplet’s base generates a tangential force that determines its spreading. Furthermore, the droplet tends to move toward the nearer electrode, especially when a tip structure emerges on its surface, facilitating more rapid deformation in that direction.