Optically pumped terahertz wave modulation in MoS2-Si heterostructure metasurface

An optically pumped terahertz (THz) modulator based on a MoS2-Si heterostructure metasurface are fabricated and investigated in this paper. The THz wave modulation in MoS2 metasurface has been demonstrated by THz time domain spectroscopy experiment and numerical simulation, which can reach over 90% under the continuous wave laser pumping of 4W/cm2 power density. Importantly, the catalysis of photocarrier generation in MoS2-Si heterostructure has been proved by the comparsion between the modulation depth of metasurface with and without MoS2 nanosheet under the same pumping power, and we found that the strcuture of metasurface and polariztion direction can also influence the photocarrier density in MoS2 metasurface. This novel THz modulator based on 2D material has a high effective modulation on THz waves under a low pumping power, which has a bright potential in THz applications.