Bio‐Inspired Bidirectional Winding Origami With Programmable Modular Reconfigurability and Scalability

ABSTRACT Origami‐enabled winding deployable structures offer a promising route to ultralight, compact, and stiff large‐scale spacecraft systems. Existing winding origami, however, provides only limited discrete winding‐angle options and suffers from strong scale–angle coupling, forcing trade‐offs between structural size and functional programmability. Here, we present a bio‐inspired origami architecture with bidirectional winding, modular reconfiguration, and scalable extension. Inspired by earwig hindwings, a double axial‐folding origami unit is designed and assembled into a circumferential array to form a bidirectionally winding origami foundation. Hybridization with Flasher origami further produces two coupled origami modes that preserve bidirectional winding while inheriting modular scalability. Building on this concept, a bidirectional‐winding multilayer origami structure with programmable winding kinematics is developed, where a discrete set of attainable winding angles is generated by assigning layer numbers without changing the central hub or outer boundary size. The resulting design space forms a rich library of winding‐angle candidates for programmable deployment. A membrane deployment mechanism is then demonstrated, experimentally confirming bidirectional winding and markedly reduced rotation demand. This work establishes a programmable and scalable platform for large‐area forced‐deployment systems in civil and aerospace engineering.