journal article·2026-06Open access

Smartly Assembled near‐Micron RF‐Responsive Agents Bridge Transarterial Embolization and Immunothermal Potentiation

Qitao Hu, Junkang Ding, Lingxiao Zhang, Zhou Tian, Cheng Zeng, Shaomin Zou, Wenjing Zhang, Tangye Zeng, Zhencang Gao, Zhouyi Sun, Gang Liu, Weiyu Chen, Zhe Tang

Advanced Science· Volume 13· Issue 31

Abstract

ABSTRACT Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a significant clinical challenge due to the limited efficacy of conventional treatments like surgery, radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and transarterial embolization (TAE). Here, we develop an innovative TAE and immunothermal therapy strategy based on smartly assembled near‐micron layered double hydroxide particles co‐loaded with STING agonist (NM‐LDHs‐cGP). By smartly responding to local charge fluctuations and microenvironmental changes, NM‐LDHs undergo self‐assembly and hierarchical stacking to form stable vascular embolic agents, thereby achieving superior embolization efficacy and excellent responsiveness to radiofrequency‐induced thermal stimulation. NM‐LDHs‐cGP activates the cGAS‐STING pathway, promotes dendritic cell maturation, and elicits robust CD8 + T and NK cell responses. Translational studies using human HCC tissues and immune cells confirm its ability to enhance RFA‐induced cytotoxicity and trigger potent innate and adaptive immune activation. These findings establish smartly assembled NM‐LDHs‐cGP as a promising paradigm for combinatorial embolization–thermal ablation–immunotherapy in liver cancer.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: interferon and immune responses · Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics · Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment and Prognosis

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Department of Surgery the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine and International School of Medicine International Institutes of Medicine Zhejiang University Yiwu China

Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark

State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine School of Public Health Xiamen University Xiamen China

State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology Innovation Center for Cell Biology School of Life Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen China

MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen China

Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Center for Oncology Medicine the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine and International School of Medicine International Institutes of Medicine Zhejiang University Yiwu China

Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Lung Cancer Yiwu China

Department of Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China

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