BCG‐Derived Outer Membrane Vesicles Induce TLR2‐Dependent Trained Immunity to Protect Against Polymicrobial Sepsis (Adv. Sci. 37/2025)

Protection Against Polymicrobial Sepsis This artistic illustration depicts how Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) -derived outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) enhance host defenses by inducing trained immunity. Much like a fortified castle with reinforced walls and vigilant guards, the BCG-OMVs-trained host effectively repels microbial invaders, in contrast to untrained hosts vulnerable to polymicrobial sepsis. This strategy holds translational promise for improving sepsis outcomes in vulnerable populations. More details can be found in article number 2504101 by Huiting Zhou, Zijian Zhou, Daolin Tang, Jian Wang, and co-workers.