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journal article·2025-02Open access

Field‐Induced Antiferromagnetic Correlations in a Nanopatterned Van der Waals Ferromagnet: A Potential Artificial Spin Ice

Avia Noah, Nofar Fridman, Yishay Zur, Maya Markman, Yotam Katz King, Maya Klang, Ricardo Rama‐Eiroa, Harshvardhan Solanki, Michael L. Reichenberg Ashby, Tamar Levin, Edwin Herrera, Martin E. Huber, Snir Gazit, Elton J. G. Santos, Hermann Suderow, Hadar Steinberg, Oded Millo, Yonathan Anahory

Advanced Science· Volume 12· Issue 5
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Source abstract

Abstract

Abstract Nano‐patterned magnetic materials have opened new venues for the investigation of strongly correlated phenomena including artificial spin‐ice systems, geometric frustration, and magnetic monopoles, for technologically important applications such as reconfigurable ferromagnetism. With the advent of atomically thin 2D van der Waals (vdW) magnets, a pertinent question is whether such compounds could make their way into this realm where interactions can be tailored so that unconventional states of matter can be assessed. Here, it is shown that square islands of CrGeTe3 vdW ferromagnets distributed in a grid manifest antiferromagnetic correlations, essential to enable frustration resulting in an artificial spin‐ice. By using a combination of SQUID‐on‐tip microscopy, focused ion beam lithography, and atomistic spin dynamic simulations, it is shown that a square array of CGT island as small as 150 × 150 × 60 nm3 have tunable dipole–dipole interactions, which can be precisely controlled by their lateral spacing. There is a crossover between non‐interacting islands and significant inter‐island anticorrelation depending on how they are spatially distributed allowing the creation of complex magnetic patterns not observable at the isolated flakes. These findings suggest that the cross‐talk between the nano‐patterned magnets can be explored in the generation of even more complex spin configurations where exotic interactions may be manipulated in an unprecedented way.
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Research context

Nanomaterials

OpenAlex topics: 2D Materials and Applications · Advanced Condensed Matter Physics · Physics of Superconductivity and Magnetism

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

The Racah Institute of Physics The Hebrew University Jerusalem 9190401 Israel

Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology The Hebrew University Jerusalem 91904 Israel

Faculty of Engineering Ruppin Academic Center Emek‐Hefer Monash 40250 Israel

Institute for Condensed Matter Physics and Complex Systems School of Physics and Astronomy University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH93FD UK

Imperial College London, Blackett Laboratory London SW7 2AZ UK

Laboratorio de Bajas Temperaturas Unidad Asociada UAM/CSIC Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada Instituto Nicolás Cabrera and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC) Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid E‐28049 Spain

Departments of Physics and Electrical Engineering University of Colorado Denver Denver CO 80217 USA

The Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem 91904 Israel

Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC) Donostia‐San Sebastián Basque Country 20018 Spain

Higgs Centre for Theoretical Physics University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH93FD UK

Funding

European Research Council · Israel Science Foundation · Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council · Comunidad de Madrid · Agencia Estatal de Investigación · Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft · European Cooperation in Science and Technology

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