Oxidation of Arsenite by Epoxy Group on Reduced Graphene Oxide/Metal Oxide Composite Materials

Abstract Reduced graphene oxide/metal oxide (rGO/MO) hybrid has been widely used as a catalyst, while dissolved oxygen or radicals are generally recognized as the oxidant. This study finds that the adsorbed arsenite (As(III)) on rGO/MO is oxidized to arsenate (As(V)) in the absence of other oxidants or radicals. The oxidation of As(III) is observed on varying rGO/MOs, including rGO/MOs composited of different types of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and metal oxide. The epoxy group on rGO acts as the oxidant, evidenced by the significant correlation between the consumption of epoxy group and oxidation of As(III). Meanwhile, metal oxide provides adsorption sites for As(III) during the adsorption–oxidation process. Based on a combination of spectroscopic measurements and computational calculation, a possible pathway for As(III) oxidation by rGO/MO is proposed: the oxygen atom in the epoxy group is bonded to the adsorbed As^IIIO₃, which is consequently oxidized to As^VO₄. Overall, this study proves the role of rGO/MO as an oxidant, which opens a new perspective on future studies using rGO/MO as a catalyst for the oxidation reaction.