Wireless Soft Athlete Bioelectronics for Monitoring Carbon Dioxide Ventilation and Physiological Performance

Abstract Wearable devices have become essential tools for monitoring athletes' health and performance. However, most current devices are primarily designed to track physiological signals and physical indicators, which limits their ability to assess a comprehensive range of health parameters during exercise. Therefore, there is a need for a multimodal wearable platform that can capture diverse exercise‐related metrics. Here, a wireless soft athlete bioelectronic system is presented that monitors various physiological signals and metabolites during exercise. This system includes a smart‐sensing lip guard that detects ventilated carbon dioxide, osmolality, environmental conditions, and humidity—key indicators of the metabolites expelled from the nose and mouth. Additionally, the cardiac patch complements the lip guard by monitoring multiple signals, such as electrocardiograms, heart rates, temperature, and motion. This integrated system is capable of detecting exercise‐induced conditions such as dehydration, hyperventilation, and abnormal heart signals. By combining data from both physiological and environmental factors, the wearable device offers a comprehensive assessment of how external conditions influence an athlete's performance. Evaluating the device with human subjects under varying temperature conditions demonstrates its effectiveness in observing exercise performance, regardless of environmental factors, highlighting its significant potential for enhancing athlete healthcare and performance monitoring.