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journal article·2025-11Open access

Revealing Robust Room Temperature Ferromagnetism in Gd‐Doped Few‐Layered MoS 2 Thin Films

Aswin kumar Anbalagan, Weng‐Kent Chan, Ming‐Hsuan Wu, Fang‐Chi Hu, Hsin‐Hao Chiu, Amr Sabbah, Mayur Chaudhary, Shivam Gupta, Kai‐Wei Chuang, Ashish Chhaganlal Gandhi, Ching‐Yu Chiang, Huang‐Ming Tsai, Shu‐Chih Haw, Kirankumar Venkatesan Savunthari, Hong‐Ji Lin, Li‐Chyong Chen, Kuei‐Hsien Chen, Nyan‐Hwa Tai, Yu‐Lun Chueh, Sheng Yun Wu, Hsin‐Yi Tiffany Chen, Andrew L. Walter, Chih‐Hao Lee

Advanced Science· Volume 12· Issue 43
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Source abstract

Abstract

Abstract 2D MoS 2 holds great promise for spintronics, yet is limited by intrinsic diamagnetism. This study demonstrates inducing ferromagnetic behavior in MoS 2 films doped with 0.47% Gd, achieving an ultrahigh saturation magnetization of 454 emu/cm 3 in a few‐layered film over 11‐times higher than bulk films (40 nm). Raman spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X‐ray magnetic circular dichroism, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal an interplay between Gd dopants and Mo, S vacancies (V 1Mo+2S ), leading to the formation of bound magnetic polarons (BMPs) that drive ferromagnetic ordering. H 2 S annealing and DFT calculations reveal that defect healing reduces the saturation magnetization by 83%. High sulfur migration barrier in few‐layered films helps preserve BMPs, thereby sustaining ferromagnetism, whereas lower migration barriers in bulk films lead to suppression. These findings highlight the synergy between Gd doping and defect engineering in achieving ultrahigh room‐temperature ferromagnetism, offering a scalable strategy for developing high‐performance 2D magnetic materials for spintronic applications.
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Research context

Materials processing

OpenAlex topics: 2D Materials and Applications · Graphene research and applications · MXene and MAX Phase Materials

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Department of Engineering and System Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 300044 Taiwan

National Synchrotron Light Source II Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA

College of Semiconductor Research National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 300044 Taiwan

Department of Physics National Dong Hwa University Hualien 97401 Taiwan

Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei 10617 Taiwan

Center for Condensed Matter Sciences National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan

Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 300044 Taiwan

Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 300044 Taiwan

Department of Electrical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 300044 Taiwan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Lyle School of Engineering Southern Methodist University Dallas TX 75205 USA

National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center Hsinchu 30076 Taiwan

Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Northeastern University Boston MA 02115 USA

Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan

Funding

National Science and Technology Council · National Tsing Hua University · Brookhaven National Laboratory

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