Molecular Engineering of Conjugated Polymers for Soft Bioelectronic Applications

ABSTRACT The paradigm shift toward soft bioelectronics represents a fundamental transformation in how biological signals are recorded, processed, and modulated, enabling seamless integration with the complex, dynamic architecture of living tissues. Conjugated polymers have emerged as uniquely transformative platforms that bridge the mechanical, electrical, and chemical disparities between rigid inorganic electronics and compliant biological systems, owing to their tunable chemical structures, adjustable energy level bandgaps, and excellent processability. Numerous strategies have been developed to address key challenges in bioelectronic interfaces, including the enhancement of conductivity, improvement of low interfacial adhesion, and stability during prolonged use. This review summarizes molecular design strategies that enhance the performance of conjugated polymers, including PEDOT:PSS, P3HT, polyaniline, and novel n‐type semiconductors, for their integration into soft bioelectronics. We seek to provide a deeper understanding of the relationship between the design, properties, and biological applications of conjugated polymer materials, thereby advancing the development of wearable and implantable electronic systems. We also discuss current challenges and future directions in the field of flexible conjugated polymer‐based wearable electronics. Looking forward, flexible conjugated polymer bioelectronics is poised to evolve into multifunctional, intelligent, and programmable platforms, offering technical support for the next generation wearable devices.