journal article·2025-02Open access

Formation Dynamics of Thermally Stable 1D/3D Perovskite Interfaces for High‐Performance Photovoltaics

Lusheng Liang, Zi‐Ang Nan, Yuheng Li, Yi Zhang, Zhaofu Fei, Naoyuki Shibayama, Zilong Zhang, Zexin Lin, Weizhong Chen, Chi Li, Yong Chen, Zhaoxiong Xie, Paul Dyson, Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin, Peng Gao

Advanced Materials· Volume 37· Issue 8

Abstract

Abstract Direct understanding of the formation and crystallization of low‐dimensional (LD) perovskites with varying dimensionalities employing the same bulky cations can offer insights into LD perovskites and their heterostructures with 3D perovskites. In this study, the secondary amine cation of N‐methyl‐1‐(naphthalen‐1‐yl)methylammonium (M‐NMA+) and the formation dynamics of its corresponding LD perovskite are investigated. The intermolecular π–π stacking of M‐NMA+ and their connection with inorganic PbI6 octahedrons within the product structures control the formation of LD perovskite. In an N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) precursor solution, both 1D and 2D products can be obtained. Interestingly, due to the strong interaction between M‐NMA+ and the DMF solvent, compared to the 1D phase, the formation of 2D perovskites is uniquely dependent on heterogeneous nucleation. Nevertheless, post‐treatment of 3D perovskite films with an isopropanol solution of M‐NMAI leads to the exclusive formation of thermally stable 1D phases on the surface. The resulting 1D/3D heterostructure facilitates perovskite solar cells (PSCs) to not only achieve a record efficiency of 25.51% through 1D perovskite passivation but also significantly enhance the thermal stability of unencapsulated devices at 85 °C. This study deepens the understanding of the formation dynamics of LD perovskites and offers an efficient strategy for fabricating stable and high‐performance PSCs.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Perovskite Materials and Applications · Conducting polymers and applications · Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 P. R. China

Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen 361021 P. R. China

Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials Xiamen 361021 P. R. China

Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China

Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Material Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Sion CH‐1951 Switzerland

Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering École Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Lausanne 1015 Switzerland

Faculty of Biomedical Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Toin University of Yokohama 1614 Kurogane‐cho, Aoba Yokohama Kanagawa 225–8503 Japan

College of Chemical Engineering Huaqiao University Xiamen 361021 P. R. China

Kunshan GCL Optoelectronic Material Co., Ltd. Kunshan Jiangsu 215300 P. R. China

College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China

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