DataVXAdvanced MaterialsPaper
journal article·2018-06

Structural and Chemical Changes to CH3NH3PbI3 Induced by Electron and Gallium Ion Beams

Mathias Uller Rothmann, Wei Li, Ye Zhu, Amelia Liu, Zhiliang Ku, Udo Bach, Joanne Etheridge, Yi‐Bing Cheng

Advanced Materials· Volume 30· Issue 25
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Source abstract

Abstract

Abstract Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites, such as CH3NH3PbI3, have shown highly promising photovoltaic performance. Electron microscopy (EM) is a powerful tool for studying the crystallography, morphology, interfaces, lattice defects, composition, and charge carrier collection and recombination properties at the nanoscale. Here, the sensitivity of CH3NH3PbI3 to electron beam irradiation is examined. CH3NH3PbI3 undergoes continuous structural and compositional changes with increasing electron dose, with the total dose, rather than dose rate, being the key operative parameter. Importantly, the first structural change is subtle and easily missed and occurs after an electron dose significantly smaller than that typically applied in conventional EM techniques. The electron dose conditions under which these structural changes occur are identified. With appropriate dose‐minimization techniques, electron diffraction patterns can be obtained from pristine material consistent with the tetragonal CH3NH3PbI3 phases determined by X‐ray diffraction. Radiation damage incurred at liquid nitrogen temperatures and using Ga+ irradiation in a focused ion beam instrument are also examined. Finally, some simple guidelines for how to minimize electron‐beam‐induced artifacts when using EM to study hybrid perovskite materials are provided.
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Research context

NanomaterialsElectronic materials

OpenAlex topics: Perovskite Materials and Applications · Chalcogenide Semiconductor Thin Films · Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Department of Materials Science and Engineering Monash University Victoria 3800 Australia

ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science Monash University Victoria 3800 Australia

Department of Chemical Engineering Monash University Victoria 3800 Australia

Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Kowloon Hong Kong

Monash Centre for Electron Microscopy Monash University Victoria 3800 Australia

School of Physics and Astronomy Monash University Victoria 3800 Australia

State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China

Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Manufacturing Flagship Clayton Victoria 3168 Australia

Melbourne Centre for Nano fabrication 151 Wellington Road Clayton VIC 3168 Australia

State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China

Funding

Australian Research Council · Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee · Hong Kong Polytechnic University

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