Regulation of Crystallization Kinetics via Zwitterionic Additive for Efficient and Operationally Stable Formamidinium Perovskite Solar Cells
Source abstract
Abstract
ABSTRACT Formamidinium (FA)‐based perovskite absorbers possess near‐ideal bandgaps for high‐performance solar cell applications; however, controlling their crystallization kinetics remains a critical bottleneck toward unlocking their full potential. Conventionally, methylammonium chloride (MACl) is introduced as a volatile crystallization additive to promote desired α‐phase formation despite severe drawbacks, including rapid nucleation, residual impurities, and associated defects. Here we introduce a zwitterionic additive, 2‐chloro‐1‐(3‐sulfopropyl)pyridinium (Cl‐PPS), that controls perovskite crystallization through cooperative coordination and hydrogen‐bonding interactions within the perovskite precursor solution. Cl‐PPS induces a uniform colloidal network that enables controlled nucleation, promotes direct α‐phase transformation, and passivates bulk and interfacial defects. The resulting films exhibit enhanced crystallinity, preferential vertical orientation, and a homogeneous potential landscape. Consequently, devices incorporating Cl‐PPS achieve a power conversion efficiency of 26.61%. Furthermore, the encapsulated devices retain 97.1% of their initial efficiency after 1200 h of continuous MPPT operation at 65°C in air.
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Research context
OpenAlex topics: Perovskite Materials and Applications · TiO2 Photocatalysis and Solar Cells · Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Department of Chemistry City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong P. R. China
School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South University Changsha P. R. China
Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong P. R. China
Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong P. R. China
Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong P. R. China
Shenzhen Research Institute City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen P. R. China
Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong P. R. China
Funding
National Key Research and Development Program of China · National Natural Science Foundation of China · Innovation and Technology Fund
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