journal article·2024-02Open access

Synergistic Crystallization Kinetics Modulation and Deep/Shallow Level Defect Passivation via an Organometallic Cobaltocenium Salt Toward High‐Performance Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells

Xingyu Pu, Qi Cao, Xilai He, Jie Su, Weiwei Wang, Xue Zhang, Dapeng Wang, Yixin Zhang, Jiabao Yang, Tong Wang, Hui Chen, Long Jiang, Yi Yan, Xingyuan Chen, Xuanhua Li

Advanced Energy Materials· Volume 14· Issue 8

Abstract

Abstract Numerous deep/shallow level defects generated at the surface/grain boundaries of perovskite during uncontrollable crystallization pose a formidable challenge to the photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, an organometallic cobaltocenium salt additive, 1‐propanol‐2‐(1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl) cobaltocenium hexafluorophosphate (PTCoPF6), is incorporated into the perovskite precursor solution to regulate crystallization and minimize holistic defects for high‐performance inverted PSCs. The cobaltocenium cations and PF6− in PTCoPF6 stabilize the Pb‐I framework and repair the shallow‐level defects of positively and negatively charged vacancies in the perovskite. The N═N in the triazole ring of PTCoPF6 can passivate the deep‐level defects of uncoordinated lead. The interaction between PTCoPF6 and perovskite materials delays perovskite nucleation and crystal growth, ensuring high‐quality perovskite with large grains, and suppressing non‐radiative recombination and ion migration. Therefore, the PTCoPF6‐incorporated PSC achieves an impressive power conversion efficiency of 25.03% and outstanding long‐term stability. Unencapsulated and encapsulated PTCoPF6‐incorporated PSCs maintain 93% and 95% of their initial efficiencies under 85 °C storage in a nitrogen atmosphere for 1000 h and maximum power point tracking for nearly 1000 h, respectively. Synergistic crystallization kinetic modulation and deep/shallow level defect passivation with ionized metal‐organic complex additives will become prevalent methods to improve the efficiency and stability of PSCs.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Perovskite Materials and Applications · Conducting polymers and applications · Solid-state spectroscopy and crystallography

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center for Nano Energy Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi´an 710072 China

Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen Shenzhen 518057 P. R. China

State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology Shaanxi Joint Key Laboratory of Graphene School of Microelectronics Xidian University Xi'an 710071 China

Department of Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710129 P. R. China

State Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry National Ministry of Education Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China

State Key Laboratory for Performance and Structure Safety of Petroleum Tubular Goods and Equipment Materials CNPC Tubular Goods Research Institute Xi'an Shaanxi 710077 China

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China · Science, Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality · Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities

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