A comparative simulation study of light–matter coupling in 1D photonic crystals with 2D perovskite active layer

Light–matter interaction operating in the strong coupling regime offers wide prospects of applications going from nano-photonics to quantum communications. The most practical implementations are to embed the active matter into Fabry–Perot microcavities or photonic crystals. In this work we focus on the strong coupling of two-dimensional (2D) perovskite in 1D grating waveguide. We use rigorous coupled wave analysis to simulate electromagnetic wave confinement in the 1D waveguide. Various sets of waveguide geometrical parameters are examined to achieve the strong coupling regime for three different configurations of the active layer in the waveguide. To extract quantitatively the relevant physical parameters, such as strength of light–matter interaction, we develop a Hamiltonian formalism to reproduce results obtained by simulation. It is shown that the strongest interaction is to have the active layer inserted in the main slab of the waveguide. It is, however, still weaker by about 20% as compared to the use of Fabry–Perot microcavities.