Low-Temperature Chemical Solution Deposition of Bi₂O₂Se on Amorphous Surface for Dynamic Memristor of Physical Reservoir Array

Bismuth oxyselenide (Bi 2 O 2 Se) stands as a highly promising layered semiconductor with outstanding optical, electrical, and thermal properties. For the practical application of the material toward the devices, growing Bi 2 O 2 Se directly on the amorphous substrate at low temperatures (<400 °C) is essential; however, the negatively charged bottom Se layer originating from alternating stacks of Se 2– and [Bi 2 O 2 ] 2+ has hindered this process. In this work, we report the method for synthesizing a Bi 2 O 2 Se film on amorphous alumina (AlO x ) directly at 350 °C by using chemical solution deposition. Our key strategy is to enhance the wettability of bismuth precursor solutions with the oxide first and then to selenize Bi 2 O 3 in the gas phase. CSD-grown Bi 2 O 2 Se at 350 °C shows a uniform crystalline quality and chemical stoichiometry. Furthermore, we explore the applicability of Bi 2 O 2 Se toward dynamic memristors of a physical reservoir of reservoir computing systems. The fabricated Ag/Bi 2 O 2 Se/AlO x /Al-stacked dynamic memristors exhibit volatile memory properties, showing reasonable cycle-to-cycle and device-to-device variations that ensure reliability of the device operation. Intriguingly, the devices show programmable decay time in the range of microseconds to milliseconds depending on the pulse widths of different scales. Our work reveals an approach to grow Bi 2 O 2 Se films on versatile substrates that have great potential for future electronics, especially for low-temperature memristive applications.