journal article·2024-07-02Open access

Oxygen-Mediated (0D) Cs4PbX6 Formation during Open-Air Thermal Processing Improves Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cell Performance

Rafikul Ali Saha, Wei-Hsun Chiu, Giedrius Degutis, Peng Chen, Matthias Filez, Eduardo Solano, Nikolai Orlov, Francesco De Angelis, Rocío Ariza, Carlo Meneghini, Christophe Detavernier, Sawanta S. Mali, Minh Tam Hoang, Yang Yang, Erik C. Garnett, Lianzhou Wang, Hongxia Wang, Maarten B. J. Roeffaers, Julian A. Steele

ACS Nano· Volume 18· Issue 26

Abstract

The desire to commercialize perovskite solar cells continues to mount, motivating the development of scalable production. Evaluations of the impact of open-air processing have revealed a variety of physical changes in the fabricated devices─with few changes having the capacity to be functionalized. Here, we highlight the beneficial role of ambient oxygen during the open-air thermal processing of metastable γ-CsPbI 3 -based perovskite thin films and devices. Physiochemical-sensitive probes elucidate oxygen intercalation and the formation of Pb–O bonds in the CsPbI 3 crystal, entering via iodine vacancies at the surface, creating superoxide (O 2 – ) through electron transfer reactions with molecular oxygen, which drives the formation of a zero-dimensional Cs 4 PbI 6 capping layer during annealing (>330 °C). The chemical conversion permanently alters the film structure, helping to shield the subsurface perovskite from moisture and introduces lattice anchoring sites, stabilizing otherwise unstable γ-CsPbI 3 films. This functional modification is demonstrated in γ-CsPbI 2 Br perovskite solar cells, boosting the operational stability and photoconversion efficiency of champion devices from 12.7 to 15.4% when annealed in dry air. Such findings prompt a reconsideration of glovebox-based perovskite solar cell research and establish a scenario where device fabrication can in fact greatly benefit from ambient oxygen.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Perovskite Materials and Applications · Chalcogenide Semiconductor Thin Films · Conducting polymers and applications

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

cMACS, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium

School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia

Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia

School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia

Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia

Conformal Coating of Nanomaterials (CoCooN), Department of Solid State Sciences, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S1, 9000 Ghent, Belgium

NCD-SWEET Beamline, ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain

Center for Nanophotonics, AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Department of Science, Roma Tre University, via Della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Rome, Italy

Polymer Energy Materials Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea

Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands

School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia

Funding

KU Leuven · HORIZON EUROPE Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions · Australian Research Council · Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek · Queensland University of Technology

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