Emerging Trends in Conductive Two-Dimensional Covalent Organic Frameworks for Large-Area Electronic Applications

Two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (2D COFs) are emerging as promising materials for advanced electronic applications due to their tunable porosity, crystalline order, and π-conjugated structures. These properties enable efficient charge transport and bandgap modulation, making 2D COFs strong candidates for electronic devices such as transistors and memristors. However, the practical application of COFs remains limited by challenges in achieving high-quality thin films with large-area uniformity and improved crystallinity. This review explores recent advancements in the fabrication and application of conductive 2D COFs for electronics. Various synthesis strategies, including direct growth, vapor-assisted conversion, and interfacial methods, are discussed in the context of enhancing film quality and scalability. The integration of COFs into electronic devices is classified based on their operation mechanism─planar and vertical field-effect transistors (FETs), electrochemical transistors (ECTs), and memristors─to highlight their electronic properties and device performance. Looking forward, the challenges of large-scale production, material compatibility, and device integration are outlined, alongside potential solutions through innovative synthesis techniques and collaborative research efforts. By addressing these challenges, 2D COFs are poised to drive breakthroughs in electronic devices by their adoption in next-generation semiconducting technologies.